Format source code using clformat (#233)

Signed-off-by: Tao He <sighingnow@gmail.com>

.clang-format

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+BasedOnStyle: Google
+DerivePointerAlignment: false
+PointerAlignment: Left
+Cpp11BracedListStyle: true
+IndentCaseLabels: false
+AllowShortBlocksOnASingleLine: true
+AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: false
+AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: false
+Standard: 'Cpp11'
+SpaceAfterCStyleCast: true
+AlignAfterOpenBracket: Align
+SortIncludes: true
+IncludeBlocks: Preserve
+ForEachMacros:
+  - BOOST_FOREACH

.github/workflows/build-test.yml

@@ -82,6 +82,10 @@ jobs:
           wget https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.19.3/cmake-3.19.3-Linux-x86_64.sh
           sudo bash cmake-3.19.3-Linux-x86_64.sh --prefix /usr --skip-license
 
+          # install clang-format
+          sudo curl -L https://github.com/muttleyxd/clang-tools-static-binaries/releases/download/master-1d7ec53d/clang-format-11_linux-amd64 --output /usr/bin/clang-format
+          sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/clang-format
+
       - name: Install grpc v1.27.x for Ubuntu 18.04
         if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-18.04'
         run: |
@@ -170,7 +174,7 @@ jobs:
         if: false
         uses: mxschmitt/action-tmate@v3
 
-      - name: Build
+      - name: CMake
         run: |
           export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib:/usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
 
@@ -182,6 +186,42 @@ jobs:
                    -DBUILD_ETCD_TESTS=ON \
                    -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=ccache \
                    -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=ccache
+
+      - name: Format
+        if: runner.os == 'Linux'
+        run: |
+          cd build
+
+          function prepend() { while read line; do echo "${1}${line}"; done; }
+
+          make etcd_cpp_apiv3_clformat
+          GIT_DIFF=$(git diff --ignore-submodules)
+          if [[ -n $GIT_DIFF ]]; then
+              echo "~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~"
+              echo "| clang-format failures found!"
+              echo "|"
+              echo "$GIT_DIFF" | prepend "| "
+              echo "|"
+              echo "| Run: "
+              echo "|"
+              echo "|    make etcd_cpp_apiv3_clformat"
+              echo "|"
+              echo "| to fix this error."
+              echo "|"
+              echo "| Ensure you are working with clang-format-11, which can be obtained from"
+              echo "|"
+              echo "|    https://github.com/muttleyxd/clang-tools-static-binaries/releases "
+              echo "|"
+              echo "~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~"
+              exit -1
+          fi
+
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
+          export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib:/usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
+
+          cd build
           make -j`nproc`
           sudo make install
 

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -223,6 +223,17 @@ install(EXPORT etcd-targets
         DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake/etcd-cpp-api
 )
 
+file(GLOB_RECURSE FILES_NEED_FORMAT
+        "etcd/*.hpp"
+        "src/*.cpp"
+        "tst/*.cpp"
+)
+
+add_custom_target(etcd_cpp_apiv3_clformat
+    COMMAND clang-format --style=file -i ${FILES_NEED_FORMAT}
+    COMMENT "Running clang-format, using clang-format-11 from https://github.com/muttleyxd/clang-tools-static-binaries/releases"
+    VERBATIM)
+
 # deb/rpc packaging for Linux
 
 set(CPACK_PACKAGE_NAME ${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME})

etcd/KeepAlive.hpp

@@ -10,119 +10,114 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <thread>
 
-#include "etcd/SyncClient.hpp"
 #include "etcd/Response.hpp"
+#include "etcd/SyncClient.hpp"
 
-namespace etcd
-{
-  // forward declaration to avoid header/library dependency
-  class Client;
+namespace etcd {
+// forward declaration to avoid header/library dependency
+class Client;
+
+/**
+ * If ID is set to 0, the library will choose an ID, and can be accessed from
+ * ".Lease()".
+ */
+class KeepAlive {
+ public:
+  KeepAlive(Client const& client, int ttl, int64_t lease_id = 0);
+  KeepAlive(SyncClient const& client, int ttl, int64_t lease_id = 0);
+  KeepAlive(std::string const& address, int ttl, int64_t lease_id = 0);
+  KeepAlive(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+            std::string const& password, int ttl, int64_t lease_id = 0,
+            int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
+
+  KeepAlive(Client const& client,
+            std::function<void(std::exception_ptr)> const& handler, int ttl,
+            int64_t lease_id = 0);
+  KeepAlive(SyncClient const& client,
+            std::function<void(std::exception_ptr)> const& handler, int ttl,
+            int64_t lease_id = 0);
+  KeepAlive(std::string const& address,
+            std::function<void(std::exception_ptr)> const& handler, int ttl,
+            int64_t lease_id = 0);
+  KeepAlive(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+            std::string const& password,
+            std::function<void(std::exception_ptr)> const& handler, int ttl,
+            int64_t lease_id = 0, int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
+  KeepAlive(std::string const& address, std::string const& ca,
+            std::string const& cert, std::string const& privkey,
+            std::function<void(std::exception_ptr)> const& handler, int ttl,
+            int64_t lease_id = 0, std::string const& target_name_override = "");
+
+  KeepAlive(KeepAlive const&) = delete;
+  KeepAlive(KeepAlive&&) = delete;
+
+  int64_t Lease() const { return lease_id; }
 
   /**
-   * If ID is set to 0, the library will choose an ID, and can be accessed from ".Lease()".
+   * Stop the keep alive action.
    */
-  class KeepAlive
-  {
-  public:
-    KeepAlive(Client const &client,
-              int ttl, int64_t lease_id = 0);
-    KeepAlive(SyncClient const &client,
-              int ttl, int64_t lease_id = 0);
-    KeepAlive(std::string const & address,
-              int ttl, int64_t lease_id = 0);
-    KeepAlive(std::string const & address,
-              std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-              int ttl, int64_t lease_id = 0,
-              int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
+  void Cancel();
 
-    KeepAlive(Client const &client,
-              std::function<void (std::exception_ptr)> const &handler,
-              int ttl, int64_t lease_id = 0);
-    KeepAlive(SyncClient const &client,
-              std::function<void (std::exception_ptr)> const &handler,
-              int ttl, int64_t lease_id = 0);
-    KeepAlive(std::string const & address,
-              std::function<void (std::exception_ptr)> const &handler,
-              int ttl, int64_t lease_id = 0);
-    KeepAlive(std::string const & address,
-              std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-              std::function<void (std::exception_ptr)> const &handler,
-              int ttl, int64_t lease_id = 0,
-              int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
-    KeepAlive(std::string const & address,
-              std::string const & ca,
-              std::string const & cert,
-              std::string const & privkey,
-              std::function<void (std::exception_ptr)> const &handler,
-              int ttl, int64_t lease_id = 0,
-              std::string const & target_name_override = "");
+  /**
+   * Check if the keep alive is still valid (invalid when there's an async
+   * exception).
+   *
+   * Nothing will happen if valid and an exception will be rethrowed if invalid.
+   */
+  void Check();
 
-    KeepAlive(KeepAlive const &) = delete;
-    KeepAlive(KeepAlive &&) = delete;
+  /**
+   * Set a timeout value for grpc operations.
+   */
+  template <typename Rep = std::micro>
+  void set_grpc_timeout(std::chrono::duration<Rep> const& timeout) {
+    this->grpc_timeout =
+        std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(timeout);
+  }
 
-    int64_t Lease() const { return lease_id; }
+  /**
+   * Get the current timeout value for grpc operations.
+   */
+  std::chrono::microseconds get_grpc_timeout() const {
+    return this->grpc_timeout;
+  }
 
-    /**
-     * Stop the keep alive action.
-     */
-    void Cancel();
+  ~KeepAlive();
 
-    /**
-     * Check if the keep alive is still valid (invalid when there's an async exception).
-     *
-     * Nothing will happen if valid and an exception will be rethrowed if invalid.
-     */
-    void Check();
+ protected:
+  // automatically refresh loop
+  void refresh();
+  // refresh once immediately
+  void refresh_once();
 
-    /**
-     * Set a timeout value for grpc operations.
-     */
-    template <typename Rep = std::micro>
-    void set_grpc_timeout(std::chrono::duration<Rep> const &timeout) {
-      this->grpc_timeout = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(timeout);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get the current timeout value for grpc operations.
-     */
-    std::chrono::microseconds get_grpc_timeout() const {
-      return this->grpc_timeout;
-    }
-
-    ~KeepAlive();
-
-  protected:
-    // automatically refresh loop
-    void refresh();
-    // refresh once immediately
-    void refresh_once();
-
-    struct EtcdServerStubs;
-    struct EtcdServerStubsDeleter {
-      void operator()(EtcdServerStubs *stubs);
-    };
-    std::unique_ptr<EtcdServerStubs, EtcdServerStubsDeleter> stubs;
-
-  private:
-    // error handling
-    std::exception_ptr eptr_;
-    std::function<void (std::exception_ptr)> handler_;
-
-    // Don't use `pplx::task` to avoid sharing thread pool with other actions on the client
-    // to avoid any potential blocking, which may block the keepalive loop and evict the lease.
-    std::thread refresh_task_;
-
-    int ttl;
-    int64_t lease_id;
-
-    // protect the initializing status of `timer`.
-    std::mutex mutex_for_refresh_;
-    std::condition_variable cv_for_refresh_;
-    std::atomic_bool continue_next;
-
-    // grpc timeout in `refresh()`
-    mutable std::chrono::microseconds grpc_timeout = std::chrono::microseconds::zero();
+  struct EtcdServerStubs;
+  struct EtcdServerStubsDeleter {
+    void operator()(EtcdServerStubs* stubs);
   };
-}
+  std::unique_ptr<EtcdServerStubs, EtcdServerStubsDeleter> stubs;
+
+ private:
+  // error handling
+  std::exception_ptr eptr_;
+  std::function<void(std::exception_ptr)> handler_;
+
+  // Don't use `pplx::task` to avoid sharing thread pool with other actions on
+  // the client to avoid any potential blocking, which may block the keepalive
+  // loop and evict the lease.
+  std::thread refresh_task_;
+
+  int ttl;
+  int64_t lease_id;
+
+  // protect the initializing status of `timer`.
+  std::mutex mutex_for_refresh_;
+  std::condition_variable cv_for_refresh_;
+  std::atomic_bool continue_next;
+
+  // grpc timeout in `refresh()`
+  mutable std::chrono::microseconds grpc_timeout =
+      std::chrono::microseconds::zero();
+};
+}  // namespace etcd
 
 #endif

etcd/Response.hpp

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 #define __ETCD_RESPONSE_HPP__
 
 #include <chrono>
-#include <iostream>
 #include <functional>
+#include <iostream>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
@@ -11,239 +11,243 @@
 #include "etcd/Value.hpp"
 
 namespace etcdv3 {
-  class AsyncWatchAction;
-  class AsyncLeaseKeepAliveAction;
-  class AsyncObserveAction;
-  class V3Response;
+class AsyncWatchAction;
+class AsyncLeaseKeepAliveAction;
+class AsyncObserveAction;
+class V3Response;
+}  // namespace etcdv3
+
+namespace etcd {
+typedef std::vector<std::string> Keys;
+
+namespace detail {
+// Compute the duration between given start time point and now
+inline const std::chrono::microseconds duration_till_now(
+    std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point const& start_timepoint) {
+  return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(
+      std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now() - start_timepoint);
 }
+}  // namespace detail
 
-namespace etcd
-{
-  typedef std::vector<std::string> Keys;
+// forward declaration
+class KeepAlive;
+class Watcher;
 
-  namespace detail {
-      // Compute the duration between given start time point and now
-    inline const std::chrono::microseconds duration_till_now(
-        std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point const & start_timepoint) {
-      return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(
-        std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now() - start_timepoint);
-    }
+/**
+ * The Reponse object received for the requests of etcd::Client
+ */
+class Response {
+ public:
+  template <typename T>
+  static etcd::Response create(std::unique_ptr<T> call) {
+    call->waitForResponse();
+    auto v3resp = call->ParseResponse();
+    return etcd::Response(v3resp,
+                          detail::duration_till_now(call->startTimepoint()));
   }
 
-  // forward declaration
-  class KeepAlive;
-  class Watcher;
+  template <typename T>
+  static etcd::Response create(std::shared_ptr<T> call) {
+    call->waitForResponse();
+    auto v3resp = call->ParseResponse();
+    return etcd::Response(v3resp,
+                          detail::duration_till_now(call->startTimepoint()));
+  }
+
+  template <typename T>
+  static etcd::Response create(std::unique_ptr<T> call,
+                               std::function<void(Response)> callback) {
+    call->waitForResponse(callback);
+    auto v3resp = call->ParseResponse();
+    return etcd::Response(v3resp,
+                          detail::duration_till_now(call->startTimepoint()));
+  }
+
+  template <typename T>
+  static etcd::Response create(std::function<std::unique_ptr<T>()> fn) {
+    auto call = fn();
+
+    call->waitForResponse();
+    auto v3resp = call->ParseResponse();
+    return etcd::Response(v3resp,
+                          detail::duration_till_now(call->startTimepoint()));
+  }
+
+  template <typename T>
+  static etcd::Response create(std::function<std::shared_ptr<T>()> fn) {
+    auto call = fn();
+
+    call->waitForResponse();
+    auto v3resp = call->ParseResponse();
+    return etcd::Response(v3resp,
+                          detail::duration_till_now(call->startTimepoint()));
+  }
+
+  Response();
+
+  Response(const Response&);
 
   /**
-   * The Reponse object received for the requests of etcd::Client
+   * Returns the error code received from the etcd server. In case of success
+   * the error code is 0.
    */
-  class Response
-  {
-  public:
+  int error_code() const;
 
-    template <typename T>
-    static etcd::Response create(std::unique_ptr<T> call)
-    {
-        call->waitForResponse();
-        auto v3resp = call->ParseResponse();
-        return etcd::Response(v3resp, detail::duration_till_now(call->startTimepoint()));
-    }
+  /**
+   * Returns the string representation of the error code
+   */
+  std::string const& error_message() const;
 
-    template <typename T>
-    static etcd::Response create(std::shared_ptr<T> call)
-    {
-        call->waitForResponse();
-        auto v3resp = call->ParseResponse();
-        return etcd::Response(v3resp, detail::duration_till_now(call->startTimepoint()));
-    }
+  /**
+   * Returns true if this is a successful response
+   */
+  bool is_ok() const;
 
-    template <typename T>
-    static etcd::Response create(std::unique_ptr<T> call,
-                                 std::function<void(Response)> callback)
-    {
-        call->waitForResponse(callback);
-        auto v3resp = call->ParseResponse();
-        return etcd::Response(v3resp, detail::duration_till_now(call->startTimepoint()));
-    }
+  /**
+   * Returns true if the error is a network unavailable error.
+   */
+  bool is_network_unavailable() const;
 
-    template <typename T>
-    static etcd::Response create(std::function<std::unique_ptr<T>()> fn)
-    {
-        auto call = fn();
+  /**
+   * Check whether the response contains a grpc TIMEOUT error.
+   */
+  bool is_grpc_timeout() const;
 
-        call->waitForResponse();
-        auto v3resp = call->ParseResponse();
-        return etcd::Response(v3resp, detail::duration_till_now(call->startTimepoint()));
-    }
+  /**
+   * Returns the action type of the operation that this response belongs to.
+   */
+  std::string const& action() const;
 
-    template <typename T>
-    static etcd::Response create(std::function<std::shared_ptr<T>()> fn)
-    {
-        auto call = fn();
+  /**
+   * Returns the current index value of etcd
+   */
+  int64_t index() const;
 
-        call->waitForResponse();
-        auto v3resp = call->ParseResponse();
-        return etcd::Response(v3resp, detail::duration_till_now(call->startTimepoint()));
-    }
+  /**
+   * Returns the value object of the response to a get/set/modify operation.
+   */
+  Value const& value() const;
 
-    Response();
+  /**
+   * Returns the previous value object of the response to a set/modify/rm
+   * operation.
+   */
+  Value const& prev_value() const;
 
-    Response(const Response &);
+  /**
+   * Returns the index-th value of the response to an 'ls' operation. Equivalent
+   * to values()[index]
+   */
+  Value const& value(int index) const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the error code received from the etcd server. In case of success the error code is 0.
-     */
-    int error_code() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the vector of values in a directory in response to an 'ls'
+   * operation.
+   */
+  Values const& values() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the string representation of the error code
-     */
-    std::string const & error_message() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the vector of keys in a directory in response to an 'ls' operation.
+   */
+  Keys const& keys() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns true if this is a successful response
-     */
-    bool is_ok() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the index-th key in a directory listing. Same as keys()[index]
+   */
+  std::string const& key(int index) const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns true if the error is a network unavailable error.
-     */
-    bool is_network_unavailable() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the compact_revision if the response is a watch-cancelled revision.
+   * `-1` means uninitialized (the response is not watch-cancelled)
+   */
+  int64_t compact_revision() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Check whether the response contains a grpc TIMEOUT error.
-     */
-    bool is_grpc_timeout() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the watcher id for client.watch() requests. `-1` means
+   * uninitialized (the response is not for watch).
+   */
+  int64_t watch_id() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the action type of the operation that this response belongs to.
-     */
-    std::string const & action() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the lock key.
+   */
+  std::string const& lock_key() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the current index value of etcd
-     */
-    int64_t index() const;
+  /**
+   * Return the "name" in response.
+   */
+  std::string const& name() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the value object of the response to a get/set/modify operation.
-     */
-    Value const & value() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the watched events.
+   */
+  std::vector<Event> const& events() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the previous value object of the response to a set/modify/rm operation.
-     */
-    Value const & prev_value() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the duration of request execution in microseconds.
+   */
+  std::chrono::microseconds const& duration() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the index-th value of the response to an 'ls' operation. Equivalent to values()[index]
-     */
-    Value const & value(int index) const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the current cluster id.
+   */
+  uint64_t cluster_id() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the vector of values in a directory in response to an 'ls' operation.
-     */
-    Values const & values() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the current member id.
+   */
+  uint64_t member_id() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the vector of keys in a directory in response to an 'ls' operation.
-     */
-    Keys const & keys() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns ther current raft term.
+   */
+  uint64_t raft_term() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the index-th key in a directory listing. Same as keys()[index]
-     */
-    std::string const & key(int index) const;
+  /**
+   * Returns ther current raft term.
+   */
+  std::vector<int64_t> const& leases() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the compact_revision if the response is a watch-cancelled revision.
-     * `-1` means uninitialized (the response is not watch-cancelled)
-     */
-    int64_t compact_revision() const;
+ protected:
+  Response(const etcdv3::V3Response& response,
+           std::chrono::microseconds const& duration);
+  Response(int error_code, std::string const& error_message);
+  Response(int error_code, char const* error_message);
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the watcher id for client.watch() requests. `-1` means uninitialized (the response is not for watch).
-     */
-    int64_t watch_id() const;
+  int _error_code;
+  std::string _error_message;
+  int64_t _index;
+  std::string _action;
+  Value _value;
+  Value _prev_value;
+  Values _values;
+  Keys _keys;
+  int64_t _compact_revision = -1;  // for watch
+  int64_t _watch_id = -1;          // for watch
+  std::string _lock_key;           // for lock
+  std::string _name;               // for campaign (in v3election)
+  std::vector<Event> _events;      // for watch
+  // execute duration (in microseconds), during the action created and response
+  // parsed
+  std::chrono::microseconds _duration;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the lock key.
-     */
-    std::string const & lock_key() const;
+  // cluster metadata
+  uint64_t _cluster_id;
+  uint64_t _member_id;
+  uint64_t _raft_term;
 
-    /**
-     * Return the "name" in response.
-     */
-    std::string const & name() const;
+  // for lease list
+  std::vector<int64_t> _leases;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the watched events.
-     */
-    std::vector<Event> const & events() const;
+  friend class Client;
+  friend class SyncClient;
+  friend class KeepAlive;
+  friend class Watcher;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the duration of request execution in microseconds.
-     */
-    std::chrono::microseconds const & duration() const;
-
-    /**
-     * Returns the current cluster id.
-     */
-    uint64_t cluster_id() const;
-
-    /**
-     * Returns the current member id.
-     */
-    uint64_t member_id() const;
-
-    /**
-     * Returns ther current raft term.
-     */
-    uint64_t raft_term() const;
-
-    /**
-     * Returns ther current raft term.
-     */
-    std::vector<int64_t> const & leases() const;
-
-  protected:
-    Response(const etcdv3::V3Response& response, std::chrono::microseconds const& duration);
-    Response(int error_code, std::string const& error_message);
-    Response(int error_code, char const * error_message);
-
-    int         _error_code;
-    std::string _error_message;
-    int64_t     _index;
-    std::string _action;
-    Value       _value;
-    Value       _prev_value;
-    Values      _values;
-    Keys        _keys;
-    int64_t     _compact_revision = -1; // for watch
-    int64_t     _watch_id = -1; // for watch
-    std::string _lock_key; // for lock
-    std::string _name;  // for campaign (in v3election)
-    std::vector<Event> _events; // for watch
-    // execute duration (in microseconds), during the action created and response parsed
-    std::chrono::microseconds _duration;
-
-    // cluster metadata
-    uint64_t    _cluster_id;
-    uint64_t    _member_id;
-    uint64_t    _raft_term;
-
-    // for lease list
-    std::vector<int64_t> _leases;
-
-    friend class Client;
-    friend class SyncClient;
-    friend class KeepAlive;
-    friend class Watcher;
-
-    friend class etcdv3::AsyncWatchAction;
-    friend class etcdv3::AsyncLeaseKeepAliveAction;
-    friend class etcdv3::AsyncObserveAction;
-  };
-}
+  friend class etcdv3::AsyncWatchAction;
+  friend class etcdv3::AsyncLeaseKeepAliveAction;
+  friend class etcdv3::AsyncObserveAction;
+};
+}  // namespace etcd
 
 #endif

etcd/Value.hpp

@@ -5,126 +5,124 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace etcdv3 {
-  class KeyValue;
+class KeyValue;
 }
 
 namespace mvccpb {
-  class KeyValue;
-  class Event;
-}
+class KeyValue;
+class Event;
+}  // namespace mvccpb
 
 namespace electionpb {
-  class LeaderKey;
+class LeaderKey;
 }
 
-namespace etcd
-{
-  class Value;
-  class Event;
-  class Response;
-  class Client;
-  class SyncClient;
+namespace etcd {
+class Value;
+class Event;
+class Response;
+class Client;
+class SyncClient;
+
+/**
+ * Represents a value object received from the etcd server
+ */
+class Value {
+ public:
+  /**
+   * Returns true if this value represents a directory on the server. If true
+   * the as_string() method is meaningless.
+   */
+  bool is_dir() const;
 
   /**
-   * Represents a value object received from the etcd server
+   * Returns the key of this value as an "absolute path".
    */
-  class Value
-  {
-  public:
-    /**
-     * Returns true if this value represents a directory on the server. If true the as_string()
-     * method is meaningless.
-     */
-    bool is_dir() const;
+  std::string const& key() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the key of this value as an "absolute path".
-     */
-    std::string const & key() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the string representation of the value
+   */
+  std::string const& as_string() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the string representation of the value
-     */
-    std::string const & as_string() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the creation index of this value.
+   */
+  int64_t created_index() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the creation index of this value.
-     */
-    int64_t created_index() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the last modification's index of this value.
+   */
+  int64_t modified_index() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the last modification's index of this value.
-     */
-    int64_t modified_index() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the version of this value.
+   */
+  int64_t version() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the version of this value.
-     */
-    int64_t version() const;
+  /**
+   * Returns the ttl of this value or 0 if ttl is not set
+   */
+  int ttl() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the ttl of this value or 0 if ttl is not set
-     */
-    int ttl() const;
-  
-    int64_t lease() const;
+  int64_t lease() const;
 
-  protected:
-    friend class Client;
-    friend class SyncClient;
-    friend class Response;
-    friend class BaseResponse; //deliberately done since Value class will be removed during full V3
-    friend class DeleteRpcResponse;
-    friend class AsyncDeleteResponse;
+ protected:
+  friend class Client;
+  friend class SyncClient;
+  friend class Response;
+  friend class BaseResponse;  // deliberately done since Value class will be
+                              // removed during full V3
+  friend class DeleteRpcResponse;
+  friend class AsyncDeleteResponse;
 
-    friend class Event;
+  friend class Event;
 
-    Value();
-    Value(etcdv3::KeyValue const & kvs);
-    Value(mvccpb::KeyValue const & kvs);
-    std::string _key;
-    bool        dir;
-    std::string value;
-    int64_t     created;
-    int64_t     modified;
-    int64_t     _version;
-    int         _ttl;
-    int64_t     leaseId;
+  Value();
+  Value(etcdv3::KeyValue const& kvs);
+  Value(mvccpb::KeyValue const& kvs);
+  std::string _key;
+  bool dir;
+  std::string value;
+  int64_t created;
+  int64_t modified;
+  int64_t _version;
+  int _ttl;
+  int64_t leaseId;
+};
+
+typedef std::vector<Value> Values;
+
+class Event {
+ public:
+  enum class EventType {
+    PUT,
+    DELETE_,
+    INVALID,
   };
 
-  typedef std::vector<Value> Values;
+  enum EventType event_type() const;
 
-  class Event
-  {
-  public:
-    enum class EventType {
-      PUT,
-      DELETE_,
-      INVALID,
-    };
+  bool has_kv() const;
 
-    enum EventType event_type() const;
+  bool has_prev_kv() const;
 
-    bool has_kv() const;
+  const Value& kv() const;
 
-    bool has_prev_kv() const;
+  const Value& prev_kv() const;
 
-    const Value &kv() const;
+ protected:
+  friend class Response;
 
-    const Value &prev_kv() const;
+  Event(mvccpb::Event const& event);
 
-  protected:
-    friend class Response;
+ private:
+  enum EventType event_type_;
+  Value _kv, _prev_kv;
+  bool _has_kv, _has_prev_kv;
+};
 
-    Event(mvccpb::Event const & event);
-
-  private:
-    enum EventType event_type_;
-    Value _kv, _prev_kv;
-    bool _has_kv, _has_prev_kv;
-  };
-
-  typedef std::vector<Event> Events;
-}
+typedef std::vector<Event> Events;
+}  // namespace etcd
 
 #endif

etcd/Watcher.hpp

@@ -8,237 +8,199 @@
 
 #include "etcd/Response.hpp"
 
-namespace etcd
-{
-  // forward declaration to avoid header/library dependency
-  class Client;
+namespace etcd {
+// forward declaration to avoid header/library dependency
+class Client;
 
-  class Watcher
-  {
-  public:
-    Watcher(Client const &client, std::string const & key,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            bool recursive=false);
-    Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            bool recursive=false);
-    Watcher(Client const &client, std::string const & key,
-            std::string const &range_end,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback);
-    Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key,
-            std::string const &range_end,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback);
-    Watcher(Client const &client, std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            bool recursive=false);
-    Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            bool recursive=false);
-    Watcher(Client const &client, std::string const & key,
-            std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback);
-    Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key,
-            std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            bool recursive=false);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key,
-            std::string const &range_end,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            bool recursive=false);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key,
-            std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address,
-            std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-            std::string const & key,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            bool recursive=false,
-            int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address,
-            std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-            std::string const & key, std::string const &range_end,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address,
-            std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-            std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            bool recursive=false,
-            int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address,
-            std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-            std::string const & key, std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address,
-            std::string const & ca,
-            std::string const & cert,
-            std::string const & privkey,
-            std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive=false,
-            std::string const & target_name_override = "");
-    Watcher(std::string const & address,
-            std::string const & ca,
-            std::string const & cert,
-            std::string const & privkey,
-            std::string const & key, std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::string const & target_name_override = "");
+class Watcher {
+ public:
+  Watcher(Client const& client, std::string const& key,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive = false);
+  Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive = false);
+  Watcher(Client const& client, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, std::function<void(Response)> callback);
+  Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, std::function<void(Response)> callback);
+  Watcher(Client const& client, std::string const& key, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive = false);
+  Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive = false);
+  Watcher(Client const& client, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback);
+  Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive = false);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, std::function<void(Response)> callback);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive = false);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+          std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive = false,
+          int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+          std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+          std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+          int64_t fromIndex, std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          bool recursive = false, int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+          std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& ca,
+          std::string const& cert, std::string const& privkey,
+          std::string const& key, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive = false,
+          std::string const& target_name_override = "");
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& ca,
+          std::string const& cert, std::string const& privkey,
+          std::string const& key, std::string const& range_end,
+          int64_t fromIndex, std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::string const& target_name_override = "");
 
-    Watcher(Client const &client, std::string const & key,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-            bool recursive=false);
-    Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-            bool recursive=false);
-    Watcher(Client const &client, std::string const & key,
-            std::string const &range_end,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback);
-    Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key,
-            std::string const &range_end,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback);
-    Watcher(Client const &client, std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-            bool recursive=false);
-    Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-            bool recursive=false);
-    Watcher(Client const &client, std::string const & key,
-            std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback);
-    Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key,
-            std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-            bool recursive=false);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key,
-            std::string const &range_end,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-            bool recursive=false);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key,
-            std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address,
-            std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-            std::string const & key,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-            bool recursive=false,
-            int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address,
-            std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-            std::string const & key, std::string const &range_end,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-            int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address,
-            std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-            std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-            bool recursive=false,
-            int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address,
-            std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-            std::string const & key, std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-            int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
-    Watcher(std::string const & address,
-            std::string const & ca,
-            std::string const & cert,
-            std::string const & privkey,
-            std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-            bool recursive=false,
-            std::string const & target_name_override = "");
-    Watcher(std::string const & address,
-            std::string const & ca,
-            std::string const & cert,
-            std::string const & privkey,
-            std::string const & key, std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-            std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-            std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-            std::string const & target_name_override = "");
+  Watcher(Client const& client, std::string const& key,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive = false);
+  Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive = false);
+  Watcher(Client const& client, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback);
+  Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback);
+  Watcher(Client const& client, std::string const& key, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive = false);
+  Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive = false);
+  Watcher(Client const& client, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback);
+  Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive = false);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive = false);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+          std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive = false,
+          int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+          std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
+          int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+          std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+          int64_t fromIndex, std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive = false,
+          int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+          std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+          std::string const& range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
+          int const auth_token_ttl = 300);
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& ca,
+          std::string const& cert, std::string const& privkey,
+          std::string const& key, int64_t fromIndex,
+          std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive = false,
+          std::string const& target_name_override = "");
+  Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& ca,
+          std::string const& cert, std::string const& privkey,
+          std::string const& key, std::string const& range_end,
+          int64_t fromIndex, std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+          std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
+          std::string const& target_name_override = "");
 
-    Watcher(Watcher const &) = delete;
-    Watcher(Watcher &&) = delete;
+  Watcher(Watcher const&) = delete;
+  Watcher(Watcher&&) = delete;
 
-    /**
-     * Wait util the task has been stopped, actively or passively, e.g., the watcher
-     * get cancelled or the server closes the connection.
-     *
-     * Returns true if the watcher is been normally cancelled, otherwise false.
-     */
-    bool Wait();
+  /**
+   * Wait util the task has been stopped, actively or passively, e.g., the
+   * watcher get cancelled or the server closes the connection.
+   *
+   * Returns true if the watcher is been normally cancelled, otherwise false.
+   */
+  bool Wait();
 
-    /**
-     * An async wait, the callback will be called when the task has been stopped.
-     *
-     * The callback parameter would be true if the watch is been normally cancelled.
-     *
-     * Note that you shouldn't use the watcher itself inside the `Wait()` callback
-     * as the callback will be invoked in a separate **detached** thread where the
-     * watcher may have been destroyed.
-     */
-    void Wait(std::function<void(bool)> callback);
+  /**
+   * An async wait, the callback will be called when the task has been stopped.
+   *
+   * The callback parameter would be true if the watch is been normally
+   * cancelled.
+   *
+   * Note that you shouldn't use the watcher itself inside the `Wait()` callback
+   * as the callback will be invoked in a separate **detached** thread where the
+   * watcher may have been destroyed.
+   */
+  void Wait(std::function<void(bool)> callback);
 
-    /**
-     * Stop the watching action.
-     */
-    bool Cancel();
+  /**
+   * Stop the watching action.
+   */
+  bool Cancel();
 
-    /**
-     * Whether the watcher has been cancelled.
-     */
-    bool Cancelled() const;
+  /**
+   * Whether the watcher has been cancelled.
+   */
+  bool Cancelled() const;
 
-    ~Watcher();
+  ~Watcher();
 
-  protected:
-    void doWatch(std::string const & key,
-                 std::string const & range_end,
-                 std::string const & auth_token,
-                 std::function<void(Response)> callback);
+ protected:
+  void doWatch(std::string const& key, std::string const& range_end,
+               std::string const& auth_token,
+               std::function<void(Response)> callback);
 
-    std::function<void(Response)> callback;
-    std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback;
+  std::function<void(Response)> callback;
+  std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback;
 
-    // Don't use `pplx::task` to avoid sharing thread pool with other actions on the client
-    // to avoid any potential blocking, which may block the keepalive loop and evict the lease.
-    std::thread task_;
+  // Don't use `pplx::task` to avoid sharing thread pool with other actions on
+  // the client to avoid any potential blocking, which may block the keepalive
+  // loop and evict the lease.
+  std::thread task_;
 
-    struct EtcdServerStubs;
-    struct EtcdServerStubsDeleter {
-      void operator()(etcd::Watcher::EtcdServerStubs *stubs);
-    };
-    std::unique_ptr<EtcdServerStubs, EtcdServerStubsDeleter> stubs;
-
-  private:
-    int64_t fromIndex;
-    bool recursive;
-    std::atomic_bool cancelled;
+  struct EtcdServerStubs;
+  struct EtcdServerStubsDeleter {
+    void operator()(etcd::Watcher::EtcdServerStubs* stubs);
   };
-}
+  std::unique_ptr<EtcdServerStubs, EtcdServerStubsDeleter> stubs;
+
+ private:
+  int64_t fromIndex;
+  bool recursive;
+  std::atomic_bool cancelled;
+};
+}  // namespace etcd
 
 #endif

etcd/v3/Action.hpp

@@ -6,86 +6,81 @@
 
 #include <grpc++/grpc++.h>
 #include "proto/rpc.grpc.pb.h"
-#include "proto/v3lock.grpc.pb.h"
 #include "proto/v3election.grpc.pb.h"
+#include "proto/v3lock.grpc.pb.h"
 
 using grpc::ClientContext;
 using grpc::CompletionQueue;
 using grpc::Status;
 
 using etcdserverpb::KV;
-using etcdserverpb::Watch;
 using etcdserverpb::Lease;
-using v3lockpb::Lock;
+using etcdserverpb::Watch;
 using v3electionpb::Election;
+using v3lockpb::Lock;
 
 namespace etcd {
-  class Response;
+class Response;
 }
 
-namespace etcdv3
-{
-  enum class AtomicityType
-  {
-    PREV_INDEX = 0,
-    PREV_VALUE = 1
-  };
+namespace etcdv3 {
+enum class AtomicityType { PREV_INDEX = 0, PREV_VALUE = 1 };
 
-  struct ActionParameters
-  {
-    ActionParameters();
-    bool withPrefix;
-    int64_t revision = 0;
-    int64_t old_revision = 0;
-    int64_t lease_id = 0;  // no lease
-    int ttl;
-    int limit;
-    std::string name;  // for campaign (in v3election)
-    std::string key;
-    std::string range_end;
-    bool keys_only;
-    bool count_only;
-    std::string value;
-    std::string old_value;
-    std::string auth_token;
-    std::chrono::microseconds grpc_timeout = std::chrono::microseconds::zero();
-    KV::Stub* kv_stub;
-    Watch::Stub* watch_stub;
-    Lease::Stub* lease_stub;
-    Lock::Stub* lock_stub;
-    Election::Stub* election_stub;
+struct ActionParameters {
+  ActionParameters();
+  bool withPrefix;
+  int64_t revision = 0;
+  int64_t old_revision = 0;
+  int64_t lease_id = 0;  // no lease
+  int ttl;
+  int limit;
+  std::string name;  // for campaign (in v3election)
+  std::string key;
+  std::string range_end;
+  bool keys_only;
+  bool count_only;
+  std::string value;
+  std::string old_value;
+  std::string auth_token;
+  std::chrono::microseconds grpc_timeout = std::chrono::microseconds::zero();
+  KV::Stub* kv_stub;
+  Watch::Stub* watch_stub;
+  Lease::Stub* lease_stub;
+  Lock::Stub* lock_stub;
+  Election::Stub* election_stub;
 
-    bool has_grpc_timeout() const;
-    std::chrono::system_clock::time_point grpc_deadline() const;
+  bool has_grpc_timeout() const;
+  std::chrono::system_clock::time_point grpc_deadline() const;
 
-    void dump(std::ostream &os) const;
-  };
+  void dump(std::ostream& os) const;
+};
 
-  class Action
-  {
-  public:
-    Action(etcdv3::ActionParameters const &params);
-    Action(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-    virtual ~Action();
+class Action {
+ public:
+  Action(etcdv3::ActionParameters const& params);
+  Action(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  virtual ~Action();
 
-    void waitForResponse();
-    const std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point startTimepoint();
-  protected:
-    Status status;
-    ClientContext context;
-    CompletionQueue cq_;
-    etcdv3::ActionParameters parameters;
-    std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point start_timepoint;
-  private:
-    // Init things like auth token, etc.
-    void InitAction();
+  void waitForResponse();
+  const std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point startTimepoint();
 
-    friend class etcd::Response;
-  };
+ protected:
+  Status status;
+  ClientContext context;
+  CompletionQueue cq_;
+  etcdv3::ActionParameters parameters;
+  std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point start_timepoint;
 
-  namespace detail {
-    std::string string_plus_one(std::string const &value);
-    std::string resolve_etcd_endpoints(std::string const &default_endpoints);
-  }
-}
+ private:
+  // Init things like auth token, etc.
+  void InitAction();
+
+  friend class etcd::Response;
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+std::string string_plus_one(std::string const& value);
+std::string resolve_etcd_endpoints(std::string const& default_endpoints);
+}  // namespace detail
+}  // namespace etcdv3
 #endif

etcd/v3/AsyncGRPC.hpp

@@ -6,16 +6,16 @@
 
 #include <grpc++/grpc++.h>
 
-#include "proto/rpc.pb.h"
 #include "proto/rpc.grpc.pb.h"
-#include "proto/v3election.pb.h"
+#include "proto/rpc.pb.h"
 #include "proto/v3election.grpc.pb.h"
-#include "proto/v3lock.pb.h"
+#include "proto/v3election.pb.h"
 #include "proto/v3lock.grpc.pb.h"
+#include "proto/v3lock.pb.h"
 
+#include "etcd/Response.hpp"
 #include "etcd/v3/Action.hpp"
 #include "etcd/v3/V3Response.hpp"
-#include "etcd/Response.hpp"
 
 using grpc::ClientAsyncReader;
 using grpc::ClientAsyncReaderWriter;
@@ -23,28 +23,20 @@ using grpc::ClientAsyncResponseReader;
 
 using etcdserverpb::KV;
 
-using v3electionpb::CampaignRequest;
-using v3electionpb::CampaignResponse;
 using etcdserverpb::DeleteRangeRequest;
 using etcdserverpb::DeleteRangeResponse;
 using etcdserverpb::LeaseCheckpointRequest;
 using etcdserverpb::LeaseCheckpointResponse;
 using etcdserverpb::LeaseGrantRequest;
 using etcdserverpb::LeaseGrantResponse;
-using etcdserverpb::LeaseRevokeRequest;
-using etcdserverpb::LeaseRevokeResponse;
 using etcdserverpb::LeaseKeepAliveRequest;
 using etcdserverpb::LeaseKeepAliveResponse;
 using etcdserverpb::LeaseLeasesRequest;
 using etcdserverpb::LeaseLeasesResponse;
+using etcdserverpb::LeaseRevokeRequest;
+using etcdserverpb::LeaseRevokeResponse;
 using etcdserverpb::LeaseTimeToLiveRequest;
 using etcdserverpb::LeaseTimeToLiveResponse;
-using etcdserverpb::TxnRequest;
-using etcdserverpb::TxnResponse;
-using etcdserverpb::RangeRequest;
-using etcdserverpb::RangeResponse;
-using v3electionpb::ResignRequest;
-using v3electionpb::ResignResponse;
 using etcdserverpb::PutRequest;
 using etcdserverpb::PutResponse;
 using etcdserverpb::RangeRequest;
@@ -53,393 +45,393 @@ using etcdserverpb::TxnRequest;
 using etcdserverpb::TxnResponse;
 using etcdserverpb::WatchRequest;
 using etcdserverpb::WatchResponse;
+using v3electionpb::CampaignRequest;
+using v3electionpb::CampaignResponse;
 using v3electionpb::LeaderRequest;
 using v3electionpb::LeaderResponse;
 using v3electionpb::ProclaimRequest;
 using v3electionpb::ProclaimResponse;
+using v3electionpb::ResignRequest;
+using v3electionpb::ResignResponse;
 using v3lockpb::LockRequest;
 using v3lockpb::LockResponse;
 using v3lockpb::UnlockRequest;
 using v3lockpb::UnlockResponse;
 
 namespace etcd {
-  class KeepAlive;
+class KeepAlive;
 }
 
 namespace etcdv3 {
-  class Transaction;
+class Transaction;
 }
 
 namespace etcdv3 {
-  class AsyncCampaignResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncCampaignResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(CampaignResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncCampaignResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncCampaignResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(CampaignResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncDeleteResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncDeleteResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(std::string const& key, bool prefix, DeleteRangeResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncDeleteResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncDeleteResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(std::string const& key, bool prefix,
+                     DeleteRangeResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncHeadResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncHeadResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(RangeResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncHeadResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncHeadResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(RangeResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncLeaderResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncLeaderResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(LeaderResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncLeaderResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncLeaderResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(LeaderResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncLeaseGrantResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncLeaseGrantResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(LeaseGrantResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncLeaseGrantResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncLeaseGrantResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(LeaseGrantResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncLeaseKeepAliveResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncLeaseKeepAliveResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(LeaseKeepAliveResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncLeaseKeepAliveResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncLeaseKeepAliveResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(LeaseKeepAliveResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncLeaseLeasesResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncLeaseLeasesResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(LeaseLeasesResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncLeaseLeasesResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncLeaseLeasesResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(LeaseLeasesResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncLeaseRevokeResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncLeaseRevokeResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(LeaseRevokeResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncLeaseRevokeResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncLeaseRevokeResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(LeaseRevokeResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncLeaseTimeToLiveResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncLeaseTimeToLiveResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(LeaseTimeToLiveResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncLeaseTimeToLiveResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncLeaseTimeToLiveResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(LeaseTimeToLiveResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncLockResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncLockResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(LockResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncLockResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncLockResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(LockResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncObserveResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncObserveResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(LeaderResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncObserveResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncObserveResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(LeaderResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncProclaimResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncProclaimResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(ProclaimResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncProclaimResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncProclaimResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(ProclaimResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncPutResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncPutResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(PutResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncPutResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncPutResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(PutResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncRangeResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncRangeResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(RangeResponse& resp, bool prefix=false);
-  };
+class AsyncRangeResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncRangeResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(RangeResponse& resp, bool prefix = false);
+};
 
-  class AsyncResignResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncResignResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(ResignResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncResignResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncResignResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(ResignResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncTxnResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncTxnResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(TxnResponse& resp);
-      void ParseResponse(std::string const& key, bool prefix, TxnResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncTxnResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncTxnResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(TxnResponse& resp);
+  void ParseResponse(std::string const& key, bool prefix, TxnResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncUnlockResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncUnlockResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(UnlockResponse& resp);
-  };
+class AsyncUnlockResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncUnlockResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(UnlockResponse& resp);
+};
 
-  class AsyncWatchResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncWatchResponse(){};
-      void ParseResponse(WatchResponse& resp);
-  };
-}
+class AsyncWatchResponse : public etcdv3::V3Response {
+ public:
+  AsyncWatchResponse(){};
+  void ParseResponse(WatchResponse& resp);
+};
+}  // namespace etcdv3
 
-namespace etcdv3
-{
-  class AsyncCampaignAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncCampaignAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncCampaignResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      CampaignResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<CampaignResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+namespace etcdv3 {
+class AsyncCampaignAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncCampaignAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncCampaignResponse ParseResponse();
 
-  class AsyncCompareAndDeleteAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncCompareAndDeleteAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params, etcdv3::AtomicityType type);
-      AsyncTxnResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      TxnResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<TxnResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+ private:
+  CampaignResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<CampaignResponse>> response_reader;
+};
 
-  class AsyncCompareAndSwapAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncCompareAndSwapAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params, etcdv3::AtomicityType type);
-      AsyncTxnResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      TxnResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<TxnResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+class AsyncCompareAndDeleteAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncCompareAndDeleteAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params,
+                              etcdv3::AtomicityType type);
+  AsyncTxnResponse ParseResponse();
 
-  class AsyncDeleteAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncDeleteAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncDeleteResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      DeleteRangeResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<DeleteRangeResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+ private:
+  TxnResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<TxnResponse>> response_reader;
+};
 
-  class AsyncHeadAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncHeadAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncHeadResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      RangeResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<RangeResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+class AsyncCompareAndSwapAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncCompareAndSwapAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params,
+                            etcdv3::AtomicityType type);
+  AsyncTxnResponse ParseResponse();
 
-  class AsyncLeaderAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncLeaderAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncLeaderResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      LeaderResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<LeaderResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+ private:
+  TxnResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<TxnResponse>> response_reader;
+};
 
-  class AsyncLeaseGrantAction : public etcdv3::Action {
-    public:
-      AsyncLeaseGrantAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncLeaseGrantResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      LeaseGrantResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<LeaseGrantResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+class AsyncDeleteAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncDeleteAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncDeleteResponse ParseResponse();
 
-  class AsyncLeaseKeepAliveAction: public etcdv3::Action {
-    public:
-      AsyncLeaseKeepAliveAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncLeaseKeepAliveResponse ParseResponse();
+ private:
+  DeleteRangeResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<DeleteRangeResponse>>
+      response_reader;
+};
 
-      etcd::Response Refresh();
-      void CancelKeepAlive();
-      bool Cancelled() const;
+class AsyncHeadAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncHeadAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncHeadResponse ParseResponse();
 
-    private:
-      etcdv3::ActionParameters& mutable_parameters();
+ private:
+  RangeResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<RangeResponse>> response_reader;
+};
 
-      LeaseKeepAliveResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncReaderWriter<LeaseKeepAliveRequest, LeaseKeepAliveResponse>> stream;
+class AsyncLeaderAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncLeaderAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncLeaderResponse ParseResponse();
 
-      LeaseKeepAliveRequest req;
-      bool isCancelled;
-      std::recursive_mutex protect_is_cancelled;
+ private:
+  LeaderResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<LeaderResponse>> response_reader;
+};
 
-      friend class etcd::KeepAlive;
-  };
+class AsyncLeaseGrantAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncLeaseGrantAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncLeaseGrantResponse ParseResponse();
 
-  class AsyncLeaseLeasesAction: public etcdv3::Action {
-    public:
-      AsyncLeaseLeasesAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncLeaseLeasesResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      LeaseLeasesResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<LeaseLeasesResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+ private:
+  LeaseGrantResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<LeaseGrantResponse>>
+      response_reader;
+};
 
-  class AsyncLeaseRevokeAction: public etcdv3::Action {
-    public:
-      AsyncLeaseRevokeAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncLeaseRevokeResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      LeaseRevokeResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<LeaseRevokeResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+class AsyncLeaseKeepAliveAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncLeaseKeepAliveAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncLeaseKeepAliveResponse ParseResponse();
 
-  class AsyncLeaseTimeToLiveAction: public etcdv3::Action {
-    public:
-      AsyncLeaseTimeToLiveAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncLeaseTimeToLiveResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      LeaseTimeToLiveResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<LeaseTimeToLiveResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+  etcd::Response Refresh();
+  void CancelKeepAlive();
+  bool Cancelled() const;
 
-  class AsyncLockAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncLockAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncLockResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      LockResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<LockResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+ private:
+  etcdv3::ActionParameters& mutable_parameters();
 
-  class AsyncObserveAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncObserveAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncObserveResponse ParseResponse();
-      void waitForResponse();
-      void CancelObserve();
-      bool Cancelled() const;
-    private:
-      LeaderResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncReader<LeaderResponse>> response_reader;
-      std::atomic_bool isCancelled;
-      std::mutex protect_is_cancalled;
-  };
+  LeaseKeepAliveResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<
+      ClientAsyncReaderWriter<LeaseKeepAliveRequest, LeaseKeepAliveResponse>>
+      stream;
 
-  class AsyncProclaimAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncProclaimAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncProclaimResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      ProclaimResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<ProclaimResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+  LeaseKeepAliveRequest req;
+  bool isCancelled;
+  std::recursive_mutex protect_is_cancelled;
 
-  class AsyncPutAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncPutAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncPutResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      PutResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<PutResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+  friend class etcd::KeepAlive;
+};
 
-  class AsyncRangeAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncRangeAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncRangeResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      RangeResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<RangeResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+class AsyncLeaseLeasesAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncLeaseLeasesAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncLeaseLeasesResponse ParseResponse();
 
-  class AsyncResignAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncResignAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncResignResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      ResignResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<ResignResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+ private:
+  LeaseLeasesResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<LeaseLeasesResponse>>
+      response_reader;
+};
 
-  class AsyncSetAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncSetAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params, bool create=false);
-      AsyncTxnResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      TxnResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<TxnResponse>> response_reader;
-      bool isCreate;
-  };
+class AsyncLeaseRevokeAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncLeaseRevokeAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncLeaseRevokeResponse ParseResponse();
 
-  class AsyncTxnAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncTxnAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params, etcdv3::Transaction const &tx);
-      AsyncTxnResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      TxnResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<TxnResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+ private:
+  LeaseRevokeResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<LeaseRevokeResponse>>
+      response_reader;
+};
 
-  class AsyncUnlockAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncUnlockAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncUnlockResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      UnlockResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<UnlockResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+class AsyncLeaseTimeToLiveAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncLeaseTimeToLiveAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncLeaseTimeToLiveResponse ParseResponse();
 
-  class AsyncUpdateAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncUpdateAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncTxnResponse ParseResponse();
-    private:
-      TxnResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<TxnResponse>> response_reader;
-  };
+ private:
+  LeaseTimeToLiveResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<LeaseTimeToLiveResponse>>
+      response_reader;
+};
 
-  class AsyncWatchAction : public etcdv3::Action
-  {
-    public:
-      AsyncWatchAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params);
-      AsyncWatchResponse ParseResponse();
-      void waitForResponse();
-      void waitForResponse(std::function<void(etcd::Response)> callback);
-      void CancelWatch();
-      bool Cancelled() const;
-    private:
-      int64_t watch_id = -1;
-      WatchResponse reply;
-      std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncReaderWriter<WatchRequest,WatchResponse>> stream;
-      std::atomic_bool isCancelled;
-  };
-}
+class AsyncLockAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncLockAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncLockResponse ParseResponse();
+
+ private:
+  LockResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<LockResponse>> response_reader;
+};
+
+class AsyncObserveAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncObserveAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncObserveResponse ParseResponse();
+  void waitForResponse();
+  void CancelObserve();
+  bool Cancelled() const;
+
+ private:
+  LeaderResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncReader<LeaderResponse>> response_reader;
+  std::atomic_bool isCancelled;
+  std::mutex protect_is_cancalled;
+};
+
+class AsyncProclaimAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncProclaimAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncProclaimResponse ParseResponse();
+
+ private:
+  ProclaimResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<ProclaimResponse>> response_reader;
+};
+
+class AsyncPutAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncPutAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncPutResponse ParseResponse();
+
+ private:
+  PutResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<PutResponse>> response_reader;
+};
+
+class AsyncRangeAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncRangeAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncRangeResponse ParseResponse();
+
+ private:
+  RangeResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<RangeResponse>> response_reader;
+};
+
+class AsyncResignAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncResignAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncResignResponse ParseResponse();
+
+ private:
+  ResignResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<ResignResponse>> response_reader;
+};
+
+class AsyncSetAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncSetAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params, bool create = false);
+  AsyncTxnResponse ParseResponse();
+
+ private:
+  TxnResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<TxnResponse>> response_reader;
+  bool isCreate;
+};
+
+class AsyncTxnAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncTxnAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params,
+                 etcdv3::Transaction const& tx);
+  AsyncTxnResponse ParseResponse();
+
+ private:
+  TxnResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<TxnResponse>> response_reader;
+};
+
+class AsyncUnlockAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncUnlockAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncUnlockResponse ParseResponse();
+
+ private:
+  UnlockResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<UnlockResponse>> response_reader;
+};
+
+class AsyncUpdateAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncUpdateAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncTxnResponse ParseResponse();
+
+ private:
+  TxnResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncResponseReader<TxnResponse>> response_reader;
+};
+
+class AsyncWatchAction : public etcdv3::Action {
+ public:
+  AsyncWatchAction(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params);
+  AsyncWatchResponse ParseResponse();
+  void waitForResponse();
+  void waitForResponse(std::function<void(etcd::Response)> callback);
+  void CancelWatch();
+  bool Cancelled() const;
+
+ private:
+  int64_t watch_id = -1;
+  WatchResponse reply;
+  std::unique_ptr<ClientAsyncReaderWriter<WatchRequest, WatchResponse>> stream;
+  std::atomic_bool isCancelled;
+};
+}  // namespace etcdv3
 
 #endif

etcd/v3/KeyValue.hpp

@@ -3,18 +3,16 @@
 
 #include "proto/kv.pb.h"
 
+namespace etcdv3 {
+class KeyValue {
+ public:
+  KeyValue();
+  mvccpb::KeyValue kvs;
+  void set_ttl(int ttl);
+  int get_ttl() const;
 
-namespace etcdv3
-{
-  class KeyValue
-  {
-  public:
-    KeyValue();
-    mvccpb::KeyValue kvs;
-    void set_ttl(int ttl);
-    int get_ttl() const;
-  private:
-    int ttl;
-  };
-}
+ private:
+  int ttl;
+};
+}  // namespace etcdv3
 #endif

etcd/v3/Transaction.hpp

@@ -1,60 +1,67 @@
 #ifndef V3_SRC_TRANSACTION_HPP_
 #define V3_SRC_TRANSACTION_HPP_
 
-#include <string>
 #include <memory>
+#include <string>
 
 namespace etcdserverpb {
-    class TxnRequest;
+class TxnRequest;
 }
 
 namespace etcdv3 {
 
 enum class CompareResult {
-    EQUAL = 0,
-    GREATER = 1,
-    LESS = 2,
-    NOT_EQUAL = 3,
+  EQUAL = 0,
+  GREATER = 1,
+  LESS = 2,
+  NOT_EQUAL = 3,
 };
 
 enum class CompareTarget {
-    VERSION = 0,
-    CREATE = 1,
-    MOD = 2,
-    VALUE = 3,
-    LEASE = 4,
+  VERSION = 0,
+  CREATE = 1,
+  MOD = 2,
+  VALUE = 3,
+  LEASE = 4,
 };
 
 class Transaction {
-public:
-    Transaction();
-    Transaction(std::string const&);
-    virtual ~Transaction();
+ public:
+  Transaction();
+  Transaction(std::string const&);
+  virtual ~Transaction();
 
-    // Set a new key for different comparisons and /put/get/delete requests.
-    void reset_key(std::string const& newkey);
+  // Set a new key for different comparisons and /put/get/delete requests.
+  void reset_key(std::string const& newkey);
 
-    void init_compare(CompareResult, CompareTarget);
-    void init_compare(std::string const &old_value, CompareResult, CompareTarget);
-    void init_compare(int64_t old_value, CompareResult, CompareTarget);
+  void init_compare(CompareResult, CompareTarget);
+  void init_compare(std::string const& old_value, CompareResult, CompareTarget);
+  void init_compare(int64_t old_value, CompareResult, CompareTarget);
 
-    void setup_basic_failure_operation(std::string const &key);
-    void setup_set_failure_operation(std::string const &key, std::string const &value, int64_t leaseid);
-    void setup_basic_create_sequence(std::string const &key, std::string const &value, int64_t leaseid);
-    void setup_compare_and_swap_sequence(std::string const &valueToSwap, int64_t leaseid);
-    void setup_delete_sequence(std::string const &key, std::string const &range_end, bool recursive);
-    void setup_delete_failure_operation(std::string const &key, std::string const &range_end, bool recursive);
-    void setup_compare_and_delete_operation(std::string const& key);
+  void setup_basic_failure_operation(std::string const& key);
+  void setup_set_failure_operation(std::string const& key,
+                                   std::string const& value, int64_t leaseid);
+  void setup_basic_create_sequence(std::string const& key,
+                                   std::string const& value, int64_t leaseid);
+  void setup_compare_and_swap_sequence(std::string const& valueToSwap,
+                                       int64_t leaseid);
+  void setup_delete_sequence(std::string const& key,
+                             std::string const& range_end, bool recursive);
+  void setup_delete_failure_operation(std::string const& key,
+                                      std::string const& range_end,
+                                      bool recursive);
+  void setup_compare_and_delete_operation(std::string const& key);
 
-    // update without `get` and no `prev_kv` returned
-    void setup_put(std::string const &key, std::string const &value);
-    void setup_delete(std::string const &key);
+  // update without `get` and no `prev_kv` returned
+  void setup_put(std::string const& key, std::string const& value);
+  void setup_delete(std::string const& key);
 
-    std::shared_ptr<etcdserverpb::TxnRequest> txn_request;
-  private:
-    std::string key;
+  std::shared_ptr<etcdserverpb::TxnRequest> txn_request;
+
+ private:
+  std::string key;
 };
 
-}
+}  // namespace etcdv3
 
 #endif

etcd/v3/V3Response.hpp

@@ -7,59 +7,58 @@
 
 #include "etcd/v3/KeyValue.hpp"
 
-namespace etcdv3
-{
-  class V3Response
-  {
-  public:
-    V3Response(): error_code(0), index(0){};
-    void set_error_code(int code);
-    int get_error_code() const;
-    std::string const & get_error_message() const;
-    void set_error_message(std::string msg);
-    void set_action(std::string action);
-    int64_t get_index() const;
-    std::string const & get_action() const;
-    std::vector<etcdv3::KeyValue> const & get_values() const;
-    std::vector<etcdv3::KeyValue> const & get_prev_values() const;
-    etcdv3::KeyValue const & get_value() const;
-    etcdv3::KeyValue const & get_prev_value() const;
-    bool has_values() const;
-    int64_t get_compact_revision() const;
-    void set_compact_revision(const int64_t compact_revision);
-    int64_t get_watch_id() const;
-    void set_watch_id(const int64_t watch_id);
-    void set_lock_key(std::string const &key);
-    std::string const &get_lock_key() const;
-    void set_name(std::string const &name);
-    std::string const &get_name() const;
-    std::vector<mvccpb::Event> const & get_events() const;
-    uint64_t get_cluster_id() const;
-    uint64_t get_member_id() const;
-    uint64_t get_raft_term() const;
-    std::vector<int64_t> const &get_leases() const;
-  protected:
-    int error_code;
-    int64_t index;
-    std::string error_message;
-    std::string action;
-    etcdv3::KeyValue value;
-    etcdv3::KeyValue prev_value; 
-    std::vector<etcdv3::KeyValue> values;
-    std::vector<etcdv3::KeyValue> prev_values; 
-    int64_t compact_revision = -1;
-    int64_t watch_id = -1;
-    std::string lock_key; // for lock
-    std::string name;  // for campaign (in v3election)
-    std::vector<mvccpb::Event> events; // for watch
+namespace etcdv3 {
+class V3Response {
+ public:
+  V3Response() : error_code(0), index(0){};
+  void set_error_code(int code);
+  int get_error_code() const;
+  std::string const& get_error_message() const;
+  void set_error_message(std::string msg);
+  void set_action(std::string action);
+  int64_t get_index() const;
+  std::string const& get_action() const;
+  std::vector<etcdv3::KeyValue> const& get_values() const;
+  std::vector<etcdv3::KeyValue> const& get_prev_values() const;
+  etcdv3::KeyValue const& get_value() const;
+  etcdv3::KeyValue const& get_prev_value() const;
+  bool has_values() const;
+  int64_t get_compact_revision() const;
+  void set_compact_revision(const int64_t compact_revision);
+  int64_t get_watch_id() const;
+  void set_watch_id(const int64_t watch_id);
+  void set_lock_key(std::string const& key);
+  std::string const& get_lock_key() const;
+  void set_name(std::string const& name);
+  std::string const& get_name() const;
+  std::vector<mvccpb::Event> const& get_events() const;
+  uint64_t get_cluster_id() const;
+  uint64_t get_member_id() const;
+  uint64_t get_raft_term() const;
+  std::vector<int64_t> const& get_leases() const;
 
-    // cluster metadata
-    uint64_t cluster_id;
-    uint64_t member_id;
-    uint64_t raft_term;
+ protected:
+  int error_code;
+  int64_t index;
+  std::string error_message;
+  std::string action;
+  etcdv3::KeyValue value;
+  etcdv3::KeyValue prev_value;
+  std::vector<etcdv3::KeyValue> values;
+  std::vector<etcdv3::KeyValue> prev_values;
+  int64_t compact_revision = -1;
+  int64_t watch_id = -1;
+  std::string lock_key;               // for lock
+  std::string name;                   // for campaign (in v3election)
+  std::vector<mvccpb::Event> events;  // for watch
 
-    // for lease list
-    std::vector<int64_t> leases;
-  };
-}
+  // cluster metadata
+  uint64_t cluster_id;
+  uint64_t member_id;
+  uint64_t raft_term;
+
+  // for lease list
+  std::vector<int64_t> leases;
+};
+}  // namespace etcdv3
 #endif

etcd/v3/action_constants.hpp

@@ -3,72 +3,71 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
-namespace etcdv3
-{
-  extern char const * CREATE_ACTION;
-  extern char const * UPDATE_ACTION;
-  extern char const * SET_ACTION;
-  extern char const * GET_ACTION;
-  extern char const * PUT_ACTION;
-  extern char const * DELETE_ACTION;
-  extern char const * COMPARESWAP_ACTION;
-  extern char const * COMPAREDELETE_ACTION;
-  extern char const * LOCK_ACTION;
-  extern char const * UNLOCK_ACTION;
-  extern char const * TXN_ACTION;
-  extern char const * WATCH_ACTION;
+namespace etcdv3 {
+extern char const* CREATE_ACTION;
+extern char const* UPDATE_ACTION;
+extern char const* SET_ACTION;
+extern char const* GET_ACTION;
+extern char const* PUT_ACTION;
+extern char const* DELETE_ACTION;
+extern char const* COMPARESWAP_ACTION;
+extern char const* COMPAREDELETE_ACTION;
+extern char const* LOCK_ACTION;
+extern char const* UNLOCK_ACTION;
+extern char const* TXN_ACTION;
+extern char const* WATCH_ACTION;
 
-  extern char const * LEASEGRANT;
-  extern char const * LEASEREVOKE;
-  extern char const * LEASEKEEPALIVE;
-  extern char const * LEASETIMETOLIVE;
-  extern char const * LEASELEASES;
+extern char const* LEASEGRANT;
+extern char const* LEASEREVOKE;
+extern char const* LEASEKEEPALIVE;
+extern char const* LEASETIMETOLIVE;
+extern char const* LEASELEASES;
 
-  extern char const * CAMPAIGN_ACTION;
-  extern char const * PROCLAIM_ACTION;
-  extern char const * LEADER_ACTION;
-  extern char const * OBSERVE_ACTION;
-  extern char const * RESIGN_ACTION;
+extern char const* CAMPAIGN_ACTION;
+extern char const* PROCLAIM_ACTION;
+extern char const* LEADER_ACTION;
+extern char const* OBSERVE_ACTION;
+extern char const* RESIGN_ACTION;
 
-  extern std::string const NUL;
+extern std::string const NUL;
 
-  extern char const * KEEPALIVE_CREATE;
-  extern char const * KEEPALIVE_WRITE;
-  extern char const * KEEPALIVE_READ;
-  extern char const * KEEPALIVE_DONE;
-  extern char const * KEEPALIVE_FINISH;
+extern char const* KEEPALIVE_CREATE;
+extern char const* KEEPALIVE_WRITE;
+extern char const* KEEPALIVE_READ;
+extern char const* KEEPALIVE_DONE;
+extern char const* KEEPALIVE_FINISH;
 
-  extern char const * WATCH_CREATE;
-  extern char const * WATCH_WRITE;
-  extern char const * WATCH_WRITE_CANCEL;
-  extern char const * WATCH_WRITES_DONE;
-  extern char const * WATCH_FINISH;
+extern char const* WATCH_CREATE;
+extern char const* WATCH_WRITE;
+extern char const* WATCH_WRITE_CANCEL;
+extern char const* WATCH_WRITES_DONE;
+extern char const* WATCH_FINISH;
 
-  extern char const * ELECTION_OBSERVE_CREATE;
-  extern char const * ELECTION_OBSERVE_FINISH;
+extern char const* ELECTION_OBSERVE_CREATE;
+extern char const* ELECTION_OBSERVE_FINISH;
 
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_OK;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_CANCELLED;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_UNKNOWN;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_DEADLINE_EXCEEDED;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_NOT_FOUND;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_ALREADY_EXISTS;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_PERMISSION_DENIED;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_UNAUTHENTICATED;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_FAILED_PRECONDITION;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_ABORTED;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_OUT_OF_RANGE;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_UNIMPLEMENTED;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_INTERNAL;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_UNAVAILABLE;
-  extern const int ERROR_GRPC_DATA_LOSS;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_OK;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_CANCELLED;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_UNKNOWN;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_DEADLINE_EXCEEDED;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_NOT_FOUND;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_ALREADY_EXISTS;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_PERMISSION_DENIED;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_UNAUTHENTICATED;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_FAILED_PRECONDITION;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_ABORTED;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_OUT_OF_RANGE;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_UNIMPLEMENTED;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_INTERNAL;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_UNAVAILABLE;
+extern const int ERROR_GRPC_DATA_LOSS;
 
-  extern const int ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND;
-  extern const int ERROR_COMPARE_FAILED;
-  extern const int ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS;
-  extern const int ERROR_ACTION_CANCELLED;
-}
+extern const int ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND;
+extern const int ERROR_COMPARE_FAILED;
+extern const int ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS;
+extern const int ERROR_ACTION_CANCELLED;
+}  // namespace etcdv3
 
 #endif

src/KeepAlive.cpp

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #include "proto/rpc.grpc.pb.h"
 
 namespace etcdv3 {
-  class AsyncLeaseKeepAliveAction;
+class AsyncLeaseKeepAliveAction;
 }
 
 struct etcd::KeepAlive::EtcdServerStubs {
@@ -16,15 +16,18 @@ struct etcd::KeepAlive::EtcdServerStubs {
   std::unique_ptr<etcdv3::AsyncLeaseKeepAliveAction> call;
 };
 
-void etcd::KeepAlive::EtcdServerStubsDeleter::operator()(etcd::KeepAlive::EtcdServerStubs *stubs) {
+void etcd::KeepAlive::EtcdServerStubsDeleter::operator()(
+    etcd::KeepAlive::EtcdServerStubs* stubs) {
   if (stubs) {
     delete stubs;
   }
 }
 
-etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(SyncClient const &client, int ttl, int64_t lease_id):
-    ttl(ttl), lease_id(lease_id), continue_next(true),
-    grpc_timeout(client.get_grpc_timeout()) {
+etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(SyncClient const& client, int ttl, int64_t lease_id)
+    : ttl(ttl),
+      lease_id(lease_id),
+      continue_next(true),
+      grpc_timeout(client.get_grpc_timeout()) {
   stubs.reset(new EtcdServerStubs{});
   stubs->leaseServiceStub = Lease::NewStub(client.grpc_channel());
 
@@ -41,38 +44,41 @@ etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(SyncClient const &client, int ttl, int64_t lease_id):
     try {
       // start refresh
       this->refresh();
-    } catch (const std::exception &e) {
+    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
       // propagate the exception
       eptr_ = std::current_exception();
     }
   });
 }
 
-etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(std::string const & address, int ttl, int64_t lease_id):
-    KeepAlive(SyncClient(address), ttl, lease_id) {
-}
+etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(std::string const& address, int ttl,
+                           int64_t lease_id)
+    : KeepAlive(SyncClient(address), ttl, lease_id) {}
 
-etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(std::string const & address,
-                           std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-                           int ttl, int64_t lease_id, int const auth_token_ttl):
-    KeepAlive(SyncClient(address, username, password, auth_token_ttl), ttl, lease_id) {
-}
+etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(std::string const& address,
+                           std::string const& username,
+                           std::string const& password, int ttl,
+                           int64_t lease_id, int const auth_token_ttl)
+    : KeepAlive(SyncClient(address, username, password, auth_token_ttl), ttl,
+                lease_id) {}
 
-etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(std::string const & address,
-              std::string const & ca,
-              std::string const & cert,
-              std::string const & privkey,
-              std::function<void (std::exception_ptr)> const &handler,
-              int ttl, int64_t lease_id,
-              std::string const & target_name_override):
-    KeepAlive(SyncClient(address, ca, cert, privkey, target_name_override), ttl, lease_id) {
-}
+etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(
+    std::string const& address, std::string const& ca, std::string const& cert,
+    std::string const& privkey,
+    std::function<void(std::exception_ptr)> const& handler, int ttl,
+    int64_t lease_id, std::string const& target_name_override)
+    : KeepAlive(SyncClient(address, ca, cert, privkey, target_name_override),
+                ttl, lease_id) {}
 
-etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(SyncClient const &client,
-                           std::function<void (std::exception_ptr)> const &handler,
-                           int ttl, int64_t lease_id):
-    handler_(handler), ttl(ttl), lease_id(lease_id), continue_next(true),
-    grpc_timeout(client.get_grpc_timeout()) {
+etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(
+    SyncClient const& client,
+    std::function<void(std::exception_ptr)> const& handler, int ttl,
+    int64_t lease_id)
+    : handler_(handler),
+      ttl(ttl),
+      lease_id(lease_id),
+      continue_next(true),
+      grpc_timeout(client.get_grpc_timeout()) {
   stubs.reset(new EtcdServerStubs{});
   stubs->leaseServiceStub = Lease::NewStub(client.grpc_channel());
 
@@ -97,26 +103,23 @@ etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(SyncClient const &client,
   });
 }
 
-etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(std::string const & address,
-                           std::function<void (std::exception_ptr)> const &handler,
-                           int ttl, int64_t lease_id):
-    KeepAlive(SyncClient(address), handler, ttl, lease_id) {
-}
+etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(
+    std::string const& address,
+    std::function<void(std::exception_ptr)> const& handler, int ttl,
+    int64_t lease_id)
+    : KeepAlive(SyncClient(address), handler, ttl, lease_id) {}
 
-etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(std::string const & address,
-                           std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-                           std::function<void (std::exception_ptr)> const &handler,
-                           int ttl, int64_t lease_id, const int auth_token_ttl):
-    KeepAlive(SyncClient(address, username, password, auth_token_ttl), handler, ttl, lease_id) {
-}
+etcd::KeepAlive::KeepAlive(
+    std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+    std::string const& password,
+    std::function<void(std::exception_ptr)> const& handler, int ttl,
+    int64_t lease_id, const int auth_token_ttl)
+    : KeepAlive(SyncClient(address, username, password, auth_token_ttl),
+                handler, ttl, lease_id) {}
 
-etcd::KeepAlive::~KeepAlive()
-{
-  this->Cancel();
-}
+etcd::KeepAlive::~KeepAlive() { this->Cancel(); }
 
-void etcd::KeepAlive::Cancel()
-{
+void etcd::KeepAlive::Cancel() {
   if (!continue_next.exchange(false)) {
     return;
   }
@@ -143,7 +146,8 @@ void etcd::KeepAlive::Check() {
     // run canceller first
     this->Cancel();
 
-    // propagate the exception, as we throw in `Check()`, the `handler` won't be touched
+    // propagate the exception, as we throw in `Check()`, the `handler` won't be
+    // touched
     eptr_ = std::current_exception();
     if (handler_) {
       handler_(eptr_);
@@ -154,8 +158,7 @@ void etcd::KeepAlive::Check() {
   }
 }
 
-void etcd::KeepAlive::refresh()
-{
+void etcd::KeepAlive::refresh() {
   while (true) {
     if (!continue_next.load()) {
       return;
@@ -164,7 +167,8 @@ void etcd::KeepAlive::refresh()
     int keepalive_ttl = std::max(ttl - 1, 1);
     {
       std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_for_refresh_);
-      if (cv_for_refresh_.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::seconds(keepalive_ttl)) == std::cv_status::no_timeout) {
+      if (cv_for_refresh_.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::seconds(keepalive_ttl)) ==
+          std::cv_status::no_timeout) {
         return;
       }
     }
@@ -174,8 +178,7 @@ void etcd::KeepAlive::refresh()
   }
 }
 
-void etcd::KeepAlive::refresh_once()
-{
+void etcd::KeepAlive::refresh_once() {
   std::lock_guard<std::mutex> scope_lock(mutex_for_refresh_);
   if (!continue_next.load()) {
     return;
@@ -183,10 +186,12 @@ void etcd::KeepAlive::refresh_once()
   this->stubs->call->mutable_parameters().grpc_timeout = this->grpc_timeout;
   auto resp = this->stubs->call->Refresh();
   if (!resp.is_ok()) {
-    throw std::runtime_error("Failed to refresh lease: error code: " + std::to_string(resp.error_code()) +
-                              ", message: " + resp.error_message());
+    throw std::runtime_error("Failed to refresh lease: error code: " +
+                             std::to_string(resp.error_code()) +
+                             ", message: " + resp.error_message());
   }
   if (resp.value().ttl() == 0) {
-    throw std::out_of_range("Failed to refresh lease due to expiration: the new TTL is 0.");
+    throw std::out_of_range(
+        "Failed to refresh lease due to expiration: the new TTL is 0.");
   }
 }

src/Response.cpp

@@ -3,13 +3,9 @@
 
 #include <iostream>
 
-etcd::Response::Response()
-  : _error_code(0),
-    _index(0)
-{
-}
+etcd::Response::Response() : _error_code(0), _index(0) {}
 
-etcd::Response::Response(const etcd::Response & response) {
+etcd::Response::Response(const etcd::Response& response) {
   this->_error_code = response._error_code;
   this->_error_message = response._error_message;
   this->_index = response._index;
@@ -20,7 +16,7 @@ etcd::Response::Response(const etcd::Response & response) {
   this->_keys = response._keys;
   this->_compact_revision = response._compact_revision;
   this->_lock_key = response._lock_key;
-  this->_name = response._name; 
+  this->_name = response._name;
   this->_events = response._events;
   this->_duration = response._duration;
 
@@ -31,23 +27,19 @@ etcd::Response::Response(const etcd::Response & response) {
   this->_leases = response._leases;
 }
 
-etcd::Response::Response(const etcdv3::V3Response& reply, std::chrono::microseconds const& duration)
-{
+etcd::Response::Response(const etcdv3::V3Response& reply,
+                         std::chrono::microseconds const& duration) {
   _index = reply.get_index();
   _action = reply.get_action();
   _error_code = reply.get_error_code();
   _error_message = reply.get_error_message();
-  if(reply.has_values())
-  {
+  if (reply.has_values()) {
     auto val = reply.get_values();
-    for(unsigned int index = 0; index < val.size(); index++)
-    {
+    for (unsigned int index = 0; index < val.size(); index++) {
       _values.push_back(Value(val[index]));
       _keys.push_back(val[index].kvs.key());
     }
-  }
-  else
-  {
+  } else {
     _value = Value(reply.get_value());
   }
   _prev_value = Value(reply.get_prev_value());
@@ -57,7 +49,7 @@ etcd::Response::Response(const etcdv3::V3Response& reply, std::chrono::microseco
   _lock_key = reply.get_lock_key();
   _name = reply.get_name();
 
-  for (auto const &ev: reply.get_events()) {
+  for (auto const& ev : reply.get_events()) {
     _events.emplace_back(etcd::Event(ev));
   }
 
@@ -74,103 +66,54 @@ etcd::Response::Response(const etcdv3::V3Response& reply, std::chrono::microseco
 }
 
 etcd::Response::Response(int error_code, std::string const& error_message)
-  : _error_code(error_code),
-    _error_message(error_message),
-    _index(0)
-{
-}
+    : _error_code(error_code), _error_message(error_message), _index(0) {}
 
-etcd::Response::Response(int error_code, char const * error_message)
-  : _error_code(error_code),
-    _error_message(error_message),
-    _index(0)
-{
-}
+etcd::Response::Response(int error_code, char const* error_message)
+    : _error_code(error_code), _error_message(error_message), _index(0) {}
 
-int etcd::Response::error_code() const
-{
-  return _error_code;
-}
+int etcd::Response::error_code() const { return _error_code; }
 
-std::string const & etcd::Response::error_message() const
-{
+std::string const& etcd::Response::error_message() const {
   return _error_message;
 }
 
-bool etcd::Response::is_ok() const
-{
-  return error_code() == 0;
-}
+bool etcd::Response::is_ok() const { return error_code() == 0; }
 
-bool etcd::Response::is_network_unavailable() const
-{
+bool etcd::Response::is_network_unavailable() const {
   return error_code() == ::grpc::StatusCode::UNAVAILABLE;
 }
 
-bool etcd::Response::is_grpc_timeout() const
-{
+bool etcd::Response::is_grpc_timeout() const {
   return _error_code == grpc::StatusCode::DEADLINE_EXCEEDED;
 }
 
-std::string const & etcd::Response::action() const
-{
-  return _action;
-}
+std::string const& etcd::Response::action() const { return _action; }
 
-int64_t etcd::Response::index() const
-{
-  return _index;
-}
+int64_t etcd::Response::index() const { return _index; }
 
-etcd::Value const & etcd::Response::value() const
-{
-  return _value;
-}
+etcd::Value const& etcd::Response::value() const { return _value; }
 
-etcd::Value const & etcd::Response::prev_value() const
-{
-  return _prev_value;
-}
+etcd::Value const& etcd::Response::prev_value() const { return _prev_value; }
 
-etcd::Values const & etcd::Response::values() const
-{
-  return _values;
-}
+etcd::Values const& etcd::Response::values() const { return _values; }
 
-etcd::Value const & etcd::Response::value(int index) const
-{
+etcd::Value const& etcd::Response::value(int index) const {
   return _values[index];
 }
 
-etcd::Keys const & etcd::Response::keys() const
-{
-  return _keys;
-}
+etcd::Keys const& etcd::Response::keys() const { return _keys; }
 
-std::string const & etcd::Response::key(int index) const
-{
-  return _keys[index];
-}
+std::string const& etcd::Response::key(int index) const { return _keys[index]; }
 
-int64_t etcd::Response::compact_revision() const
-{
-  return _compact_revision;
-}
+int64_t etcd::Response::compact_revision() const { return _compact_revision; }
 
-int64_t etcd::Response::watch_id() const
-{
-  return _watch_id;
-}
+int64_t etcd::Response::watch_id() const { return _watch_id; }
 
-std::string const & etcd::Response::lock_key() const {
-  return _lock_key;
-}
+std::string const& etcd::Response::lock_key() const { return _lock_key; }
 
-std::string const & etcd::Response::name() const {
-  return _name;
-}
+std::string const& etcd::Response::name() const { return _name; }
 
-std::vector<etcd::Event> const & etcd::Response::events() const {
+std::vector<etcd::Event> const& etcd::Response::events() const {
   return this->_events;
 }
 
@@ -178,18 +121,12 @@ std::chrono::microseconds const& etcd::Response::duration() const {
   return this->_duration;
 }
 
-uint64_t etcd::Response::cluster_id() const {
-  return this->_cluster_id;
-}
+uint64_t etcd::Response::cluster_id() const { return this->_cluster_id; }
 
-uint64_t etcd::Response::member_id() const {
-  return this->_member_id;
-}
+uint64_t etcd::Response::member_id() const { return this->_member_id; }
 
-uint64_t etcd::Response::raft_term() const {
-  return this->_raft_term;
-}
+uint64_t etcd::Response::raft_term() const { return this->_raft_term; }
 
-std::vector<int64_t> const & etcd::Response::leases() const {
+std::vector<int64_t> const& etcd::Response::leases() const {
   return this->_leases;
 }

src/Value.cpp

@@ -4,18 +4,9 @@
 #include "etcd/v3/KeyValue.hpp"
 
 etcd::Value::Value()
-  : dir(false),
-    created(0),
-    modified(0),
-    _version(0),
-    _ttl(0),
-    leaseId(0)
-{
-}
+    : dir(false), created(0), modified(0), _version(0), _ttl(0), leaseId(0) {}
 
-
-etcd::Value::Value(etcdv3::KeyValue const & kv)
-{
+etcd::Value::Value(etcdv3::KeyValue const& kv) {
   dir = false;
   _key = kv.kvs.key();
   value = kv.kvs.value();
@@ -26,8 +17,7 @@ etcd::Value::Value(etcdv3::KeyValue const & kv)
   _ttl = kv.get_ttl();
 }
 
-etcd::Value::Value(mvccpb::KeyValue const & kv)
-{
+etcd::Value::Value(mvccpb::KeyValue const& kv) {
   dir = false;
   _key = kv.key();
   value = kv.value();
@@ -38,47 +28,23 @@ etcd::Value::Value(mvccpb::KeyValue const & kv)
   _ttl = -1;
 }
 
-std::string const & etcd::Value::key() const
-{
-  return _key;
-}
+std::string const& etcd::Value::key() const { return _key; }
 
-bool etcd::Value::is_dir() const
-{
-  return dir;
-}
+bool etcd::Value::is_dir() const { return dir; }
 
-std::string const & etcd::Value::as_string() const
-{
-  return value;
-}
+std::string const& etcd::Value::as_string() const { return value; }
 
-int64_t etcd::Value::created_index() const
-{
-  return created;
-}
+int64_t etcd::Value::created_index() const { return created; }
 
-int64_t etcd::Value::modified_index() const
-{
-  return modified;
-}
+int64_t etcd::Value::modified_index() const { return modified; }
 
-int64_t etcd::Value::version() const
-{
-  return _version;
-}
+int64_t etcd::Value::version() const { return _version; }
 
-int etcd::Value::ttl() const
-{
-  return _ttl;
-}
+int etcd::Value::ttl() const { return _ttl; }
 
-int64_t etcd::Value::lease() const
-{
-  return leaseId;
-}
+int64_t etcd::Value::lease() const { return leaseId; }
 
-etcd::Event::Event(mvccpb::Event const & event) {
+etcd::Event::Event(mvccpb::Event const& event) {
   _has_kv = event.has_kv();
   _has_prev_kv = event.has_prev_kv();
   if (_has_kv) {
@@ -100,18 +66,10 @@ enum etcd::Event::EventType etcd::Event::event_type() const {
   return event_type_;
 }
 
-bool etcd::Event::has_kv() const {
-  return _has_kv;
-}
+bool etcd::Event::has_kv() const { return _has_kv; }
 
-bool etcd::Event::has_prev_kv() const {
-  return _has_prev_kv;
-}
+bool etcd::Event::has_prev_kv() const { return _has_prev_kv; }
 
-const etcd::Value &etcd::Event::kv() const {
-  return _kv;
-}
+const etcd::Value& etcd::Event::kv() const { return _kv; }
 
-const etcd::Value &etcd::Event::prev_kv() const {
-  return _prev_kv;
-}
+const etcd::Value& etcd::Event::prev_kv() const { return _prev_kv; }

src/Watcher.cpp

@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ struct etcd::Watcher::EtcdServerStubs {
   std::unique_ptr<etcdv3::AsyncWatchAction> call;
 };
 
-void etcd::Watcher::EtcdServerStubsDeleter::operator()(etcd::Watcher::EtcdServerStubs *stubs) {
+void etcd::Watcher::EtcdServerStubsDeleter::operator()(
+    etcd::Watcher::EtcdServerStubs* stubs) {
   if (stubs) {
     if (stubs->watchServiceStub) {
       stubs->watchServiceStub.reset();
@@ -21,239 +22,205 @@ void etcd::Watcher::EtcdServerStubsDeleter::operator()(etcd::Watcher::EtcdServer
   }
 }
 
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key,
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key,
                        std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-                       bool recursive):
-    Watcher(client, key, -1, callback, wait_callback, recursive) {
-}
+                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive)
+    : Watcher(client, key, -1, callback, wait_callback, recursive) {}
 
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key,
-                       std::string const &range_end,
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key,
+                       std::string const& range_end,
                        std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback):
-    Watcher(client, key, range_end, -1, callback, wait_callback) {
-}
+                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback)
+    : Watcher(client, key, range_end, -1, callback, wait_callback) {}
 
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key,
+                       int64_t fromIndex,
                        std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-                       bool recursive):
-    wait_callback(wait_callback), fromIndex(fromIndex), recursive(recursive) {
+                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive)
+    : wait_callback(wait_callback), fromIndex(fromIndex), recursive(recursive) {
   stubs.reset(new EtcdServerStubs{});
   stubs->watchServiceStub = Watch::NewStub(client.channel);
   doWatch(key, "", client.current_auth_token(), callback);
 }
 
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key,
-                       std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key,
+                       std::string const& range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
                        std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback):
-    wait_callback(wait_callback), fromIndex(fromIndex), recursive(false) {
+                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback)
+    : wait_callback(wait_callback), fromIndex(fromIndex), recursive(false) {
   stubs.reset(new EtcdServerStubs{});
   stubs->watchServiceStub = Watch::NewStub(client.channel);
   doWatch(key, range_end, client.current_auth_token(), callback);
 }
 
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key,
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive)
+    : Watcher(address, key, -1, callback, wait_callback, recursive) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key,
+                       std::string const& range_end,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback)
+    : Watcher(address, key, range_end, -1, callback, wait_callback) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key,
+                       int64_t fromIndex,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive)
+    : Watcher(SyncClient(address), key, fromIndex, callback, wait_callback,
+              recursive) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key,
+                       std::string const& range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback)
+    : Watcher(SyncClient(address), key, range_end, fromIndex, callback,
+              wait_callback) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+                       std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
+                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive,
+                       int const auth_token_ttl)
+    : Watcher(address, username, password, key, -1, callback, wait_callback,
+              recursive, auth_token_ttl) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+                       std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+                       std::string const& range_end,
                        std::function<void(Response)> callback,
                        std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-                       bool recursive):
-    Watcher(address, key, -1, callback, wait_callback, recursive) {
-}
+                       int const auth_token_ttl)
+    : Watcher(address, username, password, key, range_end, -1, callback,
+              wait_callback, auth_token_ttl) {}
 
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key,
-                       std::string const & range_end,
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+                       std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+                       int64_t fromIndex,
                        std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback):
-    Watcher(address, key, range_end, -1, callback, wait_callback) {
-}
+                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive,
+                       int const auth_token_ttl)
+    : Watcher(SyncClient(address, username, password, auth_token_ttl), key,
+              fromIndex, callback, wait_callback, recursive) {}
 
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+                       std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+                       std::string const& range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
                        std::function<void(Response)> callback,
                        std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-                       bool recursive):
-    Watcher(SyncClient(address), key, fromIndex, callback, wait_callback, recursive) {
-}
+                       int const auth_token_ttl)
+    : Watcher(SyncClient(address, username, password, auth_token_ttl), key,
+              range_end, fromIndex, callback, wait_callback) {}
 
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key,
-                       std::string const & range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& ca,
+                       std::string const& cert, std::string const& privkey,
+                       std::string const& key, int64_t fromIndex,
                        std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback):
-    Watcher(SyncClient(address), key, range_end, fromIndex, callback, wait_callback) {
-}
+                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback, bool recursive,
+                       std::string const& target_name_override)
+    : Watcher(SyncClient(address, ca, cert, privkey, target_name_override), key,
+              fromIndex, callback, wait_callback, recursive) {}
 
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address,
-                       std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-                       std::string const & key,
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& ca,
+                       std::string const& cert, std::string const& privkey,
+                       std::string const& key, std::string const& range_end,
+                       int64_t fromIndex,
                        std::function<void(Response)> callback,
                        std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-                       bool recursive,
-                       int const auth_token_ttl):
-    Watcher(address, username, password, key, -1, callback, wait_callback, recursive, auth_token_ttl) {
-}
+                       std::string const& target_name_override)
+    : Watcher(SyncClient(address, ca, cert, privkey, target_name_override), key,
+              range_end, fromIndex, callback, wait_callback) {}
 
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address,
-                       std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-                       std::string const & key, std::string const & range_end,
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive)
+    : Watcher(client, key, callback, nullptr, recursive) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key,
+                       std::string const& range_end,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback)
+    : Watcher(client, key, range_end, callback, nullptr) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key,
+                       int64_t fromIndex,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive)
+    : Watcher(client, key, fromIndex, callback, nullptr, recursive) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const& client, std::string const& key,
+                       std::string const& range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback)
+    : Watcher(client, key, range_end, fromIndex, callback, nullptr) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive)
+    : Watcher(address, key, callback, nullptr, recursive) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key,
+                       std::string const& range_end,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback)
+    : Watcher(address, key, range_end, callback, nullptr) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key,
+                       int64_t fromIndex,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive)
+    : Watcher(address, key, fromIndex, callback, nullptr, recursive) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& key,
+                       std::string const& range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback)
+    : Watcher(address, key, range_end, fromIndex, callback, nullptr) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+                       std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive,
+                       int const auth_token_ttl)
+    : Watcher(address, username, password, key, callback, nullptr, recursive,
+              auth_token_ttl) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+                       std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+                       std::string const& range_end,
                        std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-                       int const auth_token_ttl):
-    Watcher(address, username, password, key, range_end, -1, callback, wait_callback, auth_token_ttl) {
-}
+                       int const auth_token_ttl)
+    : Watcher(address, username, password, key, range_end, callback, nullptr,
+              auth_token_ttl) {}
 
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address,
-                       std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-                       std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+                       std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+                       int64_t fromIndex,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive,
+                       int const auth_token_ttl)
+    : Watcher(address, username, password, key, fromIndex, callback, nullptr,
+              recursive, auth_token_ttl) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& username,
+                       std::string const& password, std::string const& key,
+                       std::string const& range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
                        std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-                       bool recursive,
-                       int const auth_token_ttl):
-    Watcher(SyncClient(address, username, password, auth_token_ttl), key, fromIndex, callback, wait_callback, recursive) {
-}
+                       int const auth_token_ttl)
+    : Watcher(address, username, password, key, range_end, fromIndex, callback,
+              nullptr, auth_token_ttl) {}
 
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address,
-                       std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-                       std::string const & key, std::string const & range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& ca,
+                       std::string const& cert, std::string const& privkey,
+                       std::string const& key, int64_t fromIndex,
+                       std::function<void(Response)> callback, bool recursive,
+                       std::string const& target_name_override)
+    : Watcher(address, ca, cert, privkey, key, fromIndex, callback, nullptr,
+              recursive, target_name_override) {}
+
+etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const& address, std::string const& ca,
+                       std::string const& cert, std::string const& privkey,
+                       std::string const& key, std::string const& range_end,
+                       int64_t fromIndex,
                        std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-                       int const auth_token_ttl):
-    Watcher(SyncClient(address, username, password, auth_token_ttl), key, range_end, fromIndex, callback, wait_callback) {
-}
+                       std::string const& target_name_override)
+    : Watcher(address, ca, cert, privkey, key, range_end, fromIndex, callback,
+              nullptr, target_name_override) {}
 
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address,
-                       std::string const & ca,
-                       std::string const & cert,
-                       std::string const & privkey,
-                       std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-                       bool recursive,
-                       std::string const & target_name_override):
-    Watcher(SyncClient(address, ca, cert, privkey, target_name_override), key, fromIndex, callback, wait_callback, recursive) {
-}
+etcd::Watcher::~Watcher() { this->Cancel(); }
 
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address,
-                       std::string const & ca,
-                       std::string const & cert,
-                       std::string const & privkey,
-                       std::string const & key, std::string const & range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback,
-                       std::string const & target_name_override):
-    Watcher(SyncClient(address, ca, cert, privkey, target_name_override), key, range_end, fromIndex, callback, wait_callback) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       bool recursive):
-    Watcher(client, key, callback, nullptr, recursive) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key,
-                       std::string const &range_end,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback):
-    Watcher(client, key, range_end, callback, nullptr) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       bool recursive):
-    Watcher(client, key, fromIndex, callback, nullptr, recursive) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(SyncClient const &client, std::string const & key,
-                       std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback):
-    Watcher(client, key, range_end, fromIndex, callback, nullptr) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       bool recursive):
-    Watcher(address, key, callback, nullptr, recursive) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key,
-                       std::string const &range_end,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback):
-    Watcher(address, key, range_end, callback, nullptr) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       bool recursive):
-    Watcher(address, key, fromIndex, callback, nullptr, recursive) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address, std::string const & key,
-                       std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback):
-    Watcher(address, key, range_end, fromIndex, callback, nullptr) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address,
-                       std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-                       std::string const & key,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       bool recursive,
-                       int const auth_token_ttl):
-    Watcher(address, username, password, key, callback, nullptr, recursive, auth_token_ttl) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address,
-                       std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-                       std::string const & key, std::string const &range_end,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       int const auth_token_ttl):
-    Watcher(address, username, password, key, range_end, callback, nullptr, auth_token_ttl) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address,
-                       std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-                       std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       bool recursive,
-                       int const auth_token_ttl):
-    Watcher(address, username, password, key, fromIndex, callback, nullptr, recursive, auth_token_ttl) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address,
-                       std::string const & username, std::string const & password,
-                       std::string const & key, std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       int const auth_token_ttl):
-    Watcher(address, username, password, key, range_end, fromIndex, callback, nullptr, auth_token_ttl) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address,
-                       std::string const & ca,
-                       std::string const & cert,
-                       std::string const & privkey,
-                       std::string const & key, int64_t fromIndex,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       bool recursive,
-                       std::string const & target_name_override):
-    Watcher(address, ca, cert, privkey, key, fromIndex, callback, nullptr, recursive, target_name_override) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::Watcher(std::string const & address,
-                       std::string const & ca,
-                       std::string const & cert,
-                       std::string const & privkey,
-                       std::string const & key, std::string const &range_end, int64_t fromIndex,
-                       std::function<void(Response)> callback,
-                       std::string const & target_name_override):
-    Watcher(address, ca, cert, privkey, key, range_end, fromIndex, callback, nullptr, target_name_override) {
-}
-
-etcd::Watcher::~Watcher()
-{
-  this->Cancel();
-}
-
-bool etcd::Watcher::Wait()
-{
+bool etcd::Watcher::Wait() {
   if (!cancelled.exchange(true)) {
     if (task_.joinable()) {
       task_.join();
@@ -262,31 +229,29 @@ bool etcd::Watcher::Wait()
   return stubs->call->Cancelled();
 }
 
-void etcd::Watcher::Wait(std::function<void(bool)> callback)
-{
+void etcd::Watcher::Wait(std::function<void(bool)> callback) {
   if (wait_callback == nullptr) {
     wait_callback = callback;
   } else {
-    std::cerr << "Failed to set a asynchronous wait callback since it has already been set" << std::endl;
+    std::cerr << "Failed to set a asynchronous wait callback since it has "
+                 "already been set"
+              << std::endl;
   }
 }
 
-bool etcd::Watcher::Cancel()
-{
+bool etcd::Watcher::Cancel() {
   stubs->call->CancelWatch();
   return this->Wait();
 }
 
-bool etcd::Watcher::Cancelled() const
-{
+bool etcd::Watcher::Cancelled() const {
   return cancelled.load() || stubs->call->Cancelled();
 }
 
-void etcd::Watcher::doWatch(std::string const & key,
-                            std::string const & range_end,
-                            std::string const & auth_token,
-                            std::function<void(Response)> callback)
-{
+void etcd::Watcher::doWatch(std::string const& key,
+                            std::string const& range_end,
+                            std::string const& auth_token,
+                            std::function<void(Response)> callback) {
   etcdv3::ActionParameters params;
   params.auth_token.assign(auth_token);
   // n.b.: watch: no need for timeout
@@ -304,13 +269,12 @@ void etcd::Watcher::doWatch(std::string const & key,
     stubs->call->waitForResponse(callback);
     if (wait_callback != nullptr) {
       // issue the callback in another thread (detached) to avoid deadlock,
-      // it is ok to detach a pplx::task, but we don't want to use the pplx::task
-      // in the core library
+      // it is ok to detach a pplx::task, but we don't want to use the
+      // pplx::task in the core library
       bool cancelled = stubs->call->Cancelled();
       std::function<void(bool)> wait_callback = this->wait_callback;
-      std::thread canceller([wait_callback, cancelled]() {
-        wait_callback(cancelled);
-      });
+      std::thread canceller(
+          [wait_callback, cancelled]() { wait_callback(cancelled); });
       canceller.detach();
     }
   });

src/v3/Action.cpp

@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
+#include "etcd/v3/Action.hpp"
 #include <grpc/support/log.h>
 #include <grpcpp/support/status.h>
 #include "etcd/v3/action_constants.hpp"
-#include "etcd/v3/Action.hpp"
 
-etcdv3::Action::Action(etcdv3::ActionParameters const &params)
-{
+etcdv3::Action::Action(etcdv3::ActionParameters const& params) {
   parameters = params;
   this->InitAction();
 }
 
-etcdv3::Action::Action(etcdv3::ActionParameters && params)
-{
+etcdv3::Action::Action(etcdv3::ActionParameters&& params) {
   parameters = std::move(params);
   this->InitAction();
 }
@@ -32,8 +30,7 @@ void etcdv3::Action::InitAction() {
   start_timepoint = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
 }
 
-etcdv3::ActionParameters::ActionParameters()
-{
+etcdv3::ActionParameters::ActionParameters() {
   withPrefix = false;
   revision = 0;
   old_revision = 0;
@@ -50,11 +47,12 @@ bool etcdv3::ActionParameters::has_grpc_timeout() const {
   return this->grpc_timeout != std::chrono::microseconds::zero();
 }
 
-std::chrono::system_clock::time_point etcdv3::ActionParameters::grpc_deadline() const {
+std::chrono::system_clock::time_point etcdv3::ActionParameters::grpc_deadline()
+    const {
   return std::chrono::system_clock::now() + this->grpc_timeout;
 }
 
-void etcdv3::ActionParameters::dump(std::ostream &os) const {
+void etcdv3::ActionParameters::dump(std::ostream& os) const {
   os << "ActionParameters:" << std::endl;
   os << "  withPrefix:    " << withPrefix << std::endl;
   os << "  revision:      " << revision << std::endl;
@@ -73,39 +71,43 @@ void etcdv3::ActionParameters::dump(std::ostream &os) const {
   os << "  grpc_timeout:  " << grpc_timeout.count() << "(ms)" << std::endl;
 }
 
-void etcdv3::Action::waitForResponse()
-{
+void etcdv3::Action::waitForResponse() {
   void* got_tag;
   bool ok = false;
 
   if (parameters.has_grpc_timeout()) {
     switch (cq_.AsyncNext(&got_tag, &ok, parameters.grpc_deadline())) {
-      case CompletionQueue::NextStatus::TIMEOUT: {
-        status = grpc::Status(grpc::StatusCode::DEADLINE_EXCEEDED, "gRPC timeout");
-        break;
-      }
-      case CompletionQueue::NextStatus::SHUTDOWN: {
-        status = grpc::Status(grpc::StatusCode::UNAVAILABLE, "gRPC already shutdown");
-        break;
-      }
-      case CompletionQueue::NextStatus::GOT_EVENT: {
-        if (!ok) {
-          status = grpc::Status(grpc::StatusCode::ABORTED, "Failed to execute the action: not ok or invalid tag");
-        }
-        break;
+    case CompletionQueue::NextStatus::TIMEOUT: {
+      status =
+          grpc::Status(grpc::StatusCode::DEADLINE_EXCEEDED, "gRPC timeout");
+      break;
+    }
+    case CompletionQueue::NextStatus::SHUTDOWN: {
+      status =
+          grpc::Status(grpc::StatusCode::UNAVAILABLE, "gRPC already shutdown");
+      break;
+    }
+    case CompletionQueue::NextStatus::GOT_EVENT: {
+      if (!ok) {
+        status =
+            grpc::Status(grpc::StatusCode::ABORTED,
+                         "Failed to execute the action: not ok or invalid tag");
       }
+      break;
+    }
     }
   } else {
     cq_.Next(&got_tag, &ok);
-    GPR_ASSERT(got_tag == (void*)this);
+    GPR_ASSERT(got_tag == (void*) this);
   }
 }
 
-const std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point etcdv3::Action::startTimepoint() {
+const std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point
+etcdv3::Action::startTimepoint() {
   return this->start_timepoint;
 }
 
-std::string etcdv3::detail::string_plus_one(std::string const &value) {
+std::string etcdv3::detail::string_plus_one(std::string const& value) {
   // Referred from the Go implementation in etcd.
   for (int32_t i = value.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
     if (static_cast<unsigned char>(value[i]) < 0xff) {
@@ -117,7 +119,8 @@ std::string etcdv3::detail::string_plus_one(std::string const &value) {
   return {etcdv3::NUL};
 }
 
-std::string etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints(std::string const&default_endpoints) {
-  const char *ep = std::getenv("ETCD_ENDPOINTS");
+std::string etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints(
+    std::string const& default_endpoints) {
+  const char* ep = std::getenv("ETCD_ENDPOINTS");
   return ep ? ep : default_endpoints;
 }

src/v3/KeyValue.cpp

@@ -1,16 +1,7 @@
 #include "etcd/v3/KeyValue.hpp"
 
-etcdv3::KeyValue::KeyValue()
-{
-  ttl = 0;
-}
+etcdv3::KeyValue::KeyValue() { ttl = 0; }
 
-void etcdv3::KeyValue::set_ttl(int ttl) 
-{
-  this->ttl = ttl;
-}
+void etcdv3::KeyValue::set_ttl(int ttl) { this->ttl = ttl; }
 
-int etcdv3::KeyValue::get_ttl() const
-{
-  return ttl;
-}
+int etcdv3::KeyValue::get_ttl() const { return ttl; }

src/v3/Transaction.cpp

@@ -3,199 +3,210 @@
 #include "proto/rpc.grpc.pb.h"
 
 using etcdserverpb::Compare;
-using etcdserverpb::RangeRequest;
-using etcdserverpb::PutRequest;
-using etcdserverpb::RequestOp;
 using etcdserverpb::DeleteRangeRequest;
+using etcdserverpb::PutRequest;
+using etcdserverpb::RangeRequest;
+using etcdserverpb::RequestOp;
 
 namespace etcdv3 {
 
 namespace detail {
 
 static etcdserverpb::Compare::CompareResult to_compare_result(CompareResult r) {
-    return static_cast<etcdserverpb::Compare::CompareResult>(static_cast<int>(r));
+  return static_cast<etcdserverpb::Compare::CompareResult>(static_cast<int>(r));
 }
 
 static etcdserverpb::Compare::CompareTarget to_compare_target(CompareTarget t) {
-    return static_cast<etcdserverpb::Compare::CompareTarget>(static_cast<int>(t));
+  return static_cast<etcdserverpb::Compare::CompareTarget>(static_cast<int>(t));
 }
 
-}
+}  // namespace detail
 
-}
+}  // namespace etcdv3
 
 etcdv3::Transaction::Transaction() {
-    txn_request.reset(new etcdserverpb::TxnRequest{});
+  txn_request.reset(new etcdserverpb::TxnRequest{});
 }
 
 etcdv3::Transaction::Transaction(const std::string& key) : key(key) {
-    txn_request.reset(new etcdserverpb::TxnRequest{});
+  txn_request.reset(new etcdserverpb::TxnRequest{});
 }
 
-void etcdv3::Transaction::reset_key(std::string const& newkey) {
-    key = newkey;
+void etcdv3::Transaction::reset_key(std::string const& newkey) { key = newkey; }
+
+void etcdv3::Transaction::init_compare(CompareResult result,
+                                       CompareTarget target) {
+  Compare* compare = txn_request->add_compare();
+  compare->set_result(detail::to_compare_result(result));
+  compare->set_target(detail::to_compare_target(target));
+  compare->set_key(key);
+
+  compare->set_version(0);
 }
 
-void etcdv3::Transaction::init_compare(CompareResult result, CompareTarget target){
-    Compare* compare = txn_request->add_compare();
-    compare->set_result(detail::to_compare_result(result));
-    compare->set_target(detail::to_compare_target(target));
-    compare->set_key(key);
+void etcdv3::Transaction::init_compare(std::string const& old_value,
+                                       CompareResult result,
+                                       CompareTarget target) {
+  Compare* compare = txn_request->add_compare();
+  compare->set_result(detail::to_compare_result(result));
+  compare->set_target(detail::to_compare_target(target));
+  compare->set_key(key);
 
-    compare->set_version(0);
+  compare->set_value(old_value);
 }
 
-void etcdv3::Transaction::init_compare(std::string const& old_value, CompareResult result, CompareTarget target){
-    Compare* compare = txn_request->add_compare();
-    compare->set_result(detail::to_compare_result(result));
-    compare->set_target(detail::to_compare_target(target));
-    compare->set_key(key);
+void etcdv3::Transaction::init_compare(int64_t old_index, CompareResult result,
+                                       CompareTarget target) {
+  Compare* compare = txn_request->add_compare();
+  compare->set_result(detail::to_compare_result(result));
+  compare->set_target(detail::to_compare_target(target));
+  compare->set_key(key);
 
-    compare->set_value(old_value);
-}
-
-void etcdv3::Transaction::init_compare(int64_t old_index, CompareResult result, CompareTarget target){
-    Compare* compare = txn_request->add_compare();
-    compare->set_result(detail::to_compare_result(result));
-    compare->set_target(detail::to_compare_target(target));
-    compare->set_key(key);
-
-    compare->set_mod_revision(old_index);
+  compare->set_mod_revision(old_index);
 }
 
 /**
  * get key on failure
  */
-void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_basic_failure_operation(std::string const& key) {
-    std::unique_ptr<RangeRequest> get_request(new RangeRequest());
-    get_request->set_key(key);
-    RequestOp* req_failure = txn_request->add_failure();
-    req_failure->set_allocated_request_range(get_request.release());
+void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_basic_failure_operation(
+    std::string const& key) {
+  std::unique_ptr<RangeRequest> get_request(new RangeRequest());
+  get_request->set_key(key);
+  RequestOp* req_failure = txn_request->add_failure();
+  req_failure->set_allocated_request_range(get_request.release());
 }
 
 /**
  * get key on failure, get key before put, modify and then get updated key
  */
-void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_set_failure_operation(std::string const &key, std::string const &value, int64_t leaseid) {
-    std::unique_ptr<PutRequest> put_request(new PutRequest());
-    put_request->set_key(key);
-    put_request->set_value(value);
-    put_request->set_prev_kv(true);
-    put_request->set_lease(leaseid);
-    RequestOp* req_failure = txn_request->add_failure();
-    req_failure->set_allocated_request_put(put_request.release());
+void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_set_failure_operation(std::string const& key,
+                                                      std::string const& value,
+                                                      int64_t leaseid) {
+  std::unique_ptr<PutRequest> put_request(new PutRequest());
+  put_request->set_key(key);
+  put_request->set_value(value);
+  put_request->set_prev_kv(true);
+  put_request->set_lease(leaseid);
+  RequestOp* req_failure = txn_request->add_failure();
+  req_failure->set_allocated_request_put(put_request.release());
 
-    std::unique_ptr<RangeRequest> get_request(new RangeRequest());
-    get_request->set_key(key);
-    req_failure = txn_request->add_failure();
-    req_failure->set_allocated_request_range(get_request.release());
+  std::unique_ptr<RangeRequest> get_request(new RangeRequest());
+  get_request->set_key(key);
+  req_failure = txn_request->add_failure();
+  req_failure->set_allocated_request_range(get_request.release());
 }
 
 /**
  * add key and then get new value of key
  */
-void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_basic_create_sequence(std::string const& key, std::string const& value, int64_t leaseid) {
-    std::unique_ptr<PutRequest> put_request(new PutRequest());
-    put_request->set_key(key);
-    put_request->set_value(value);
-    put_request->set_prev_kv(true);
-    put_request->set_lease(leaseid);
-    RequestOp* req_success = txn_request->add_success();
-    req_success->set_allocated_request_put(put_request.release());
+void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_basic_create_sequence(std::string const& key,
+                                                      std::string const& value,
+                                                      int64_t leaseid) {
+  std::unique_ptr<PutRequest> put_request(new PutRequest());
+  put_request->set_key(key);
+  put_request->set_value(value);
+  put_request->set_prev_kv(true);
+  put_request->set_lease(leaseid);
+  RequestOp* req_success = txn_request->add_success();
+  req_success->set_allocated_request_put(put_request.release());
 
-    std::unique_ptr<RangeRequest> get_request(new RangeRequest());
-    get_request->set_key(key);
-    req_success = txn_request->add_success();
-    req_success->set_allocated_request_range(get_request.release());
+  std::unique_ptr<RangeRequest> get_request(new RangeRequest());
+  get_request->set_key(key);
+  req_success = txn_request->add_success();
+  req_success->set_allocated_request_range(get_request.release());
 }
 
 /**
  * get key value then modify and get new value
  */
-void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_compare_and_swap_sequence(std::string const& value, int64_t leaseid) {
-    std::unique_ptr<PutRequest> put_request(new PutRequest());
-    put_request->set_key(key);
-    put_request->set_value(value);
-    put_request->set_prev_kv(true);
-    put_request->set_lease(leaseid);
-    RequestOp* req_success = txn_request->add_success();
-    req_success->set_allocated_request_put(put_request.release());
+void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_compare_and_swap_sequence(
+    std::string const& value, int64_t leaseid) {
+  std::unique_ptr<PutRequest> put_request(new PutRequest());
+  put_request->set_key(key);
+  put_request->set_value(value);
+  put_request->set_prev_kv(true);
+  put_request->set_lease(leaseid);
+  RequestOp* req_success = txn_request->add_success();
+  req_success->set_allocated_request_put(put_request.release());
 
-    std::unique_ptr<RangeRequest> get_request(new RangeRequest());
-    get_request->set_key(key);
-    req_success = txn_request->add_success();
-    req_success->set_allocated_request_range(get_request.release());
+  std::unique_ptr<RangeRequest> get_request(new RangeRequest());
+  get_request->set_key(key);
+  req_success = txn_request->add_success();
+  req_success->set_allocated_request_range(get_request.release());
 }
 
 /**
  * get key, delete
  */
-void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_delete_sequence(std::string const &key, std::string const &range_end, bool recursive) {
-    std::unique_ptr<DeleteRangeRequest> del_request(new DeleteRangeRequest());
-    del_request->set_key(key);
-    del_request->set_prev_kv(true);
-    if(recursive)
-    {
-        del_request->set_range_end(range_end);
-    }
+void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_delete_sequence(std::string const& key,
+                                                std::string const& range_end,
+                                                bool recursive) {
+  std::unique_ptr<DeleteRangeRequest> del_request(new DeleteRangeRequest());
+  del_request->set_key(key);
+  del_request->set_prev_kv(true);
+  if (recursive) {
+    del_request->set_range_end(range_end);
+  }
 
-    RequestOp* req_success = txn_request->add_success();
-    req_success->set_allocated_request_delete_range(del_request.release());
+  RequestOp* req_success = txn_request->add_success();
+  req_success->set_allocated_request_delete_range(del_request.release());
 }
 
 /**
  * get key, delete
  */
-void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_delete_failure_operation(std::string const &key, std::string const &range_end, bool recursive) {
-    std::unique_ptr<RangeRequest> get_request(new RangeRequest());
-    std::unique_ptr<DeleteRangeRequest> del_request(new DeleteRangeRequest());
-    get_request.reset(new RangeRequest());
-    get_request->set_key(key);
-    if(recursive)
-    {
-        get_request->set_range_end(range_end);
-        get_request->set_sort_target(RangeRequest::SortTarget::RangeRequest_SortTarget_KEY);
-        get_request->set_sort_order(RangeRequest::SortOrder::RangeRequest_SortOrder_ASCEND);
-    }
-    RequestOp* req_failure = txn_request->add_failure();
-    req_failure->set_allocated_request_range(get_request.release());
+void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_delete_failure_operation(
+    std::string const& key, std::string const& range_end, bool recursive) {
+  std::unique_ptr<RangeRequest> get_request(new RangeRequest());
+  std::unique_ptr<DeleteRangeRequest> del_request(new DeleteRangeRequest());
+  get_request.reset(new RangeRequest());
+  get_request->set_key(key);
+  if (recursive) {
+    get_request->set_range_end(range_end);
+    get_request->set_sort_target(
+        RangeRequest::SortTarget::RangeRequest_SortTarget_KEY);
+    get_request->set_sort_order(
+        RangeRequest::SortOrder::RangeRequest_SortOrder_ASCEND);
+  }
+  RequestOp* req_failure = txn_request->add_failure();
+  req_failure->set_allocated_request_range(get_request.release());
 
-    del_request.reset(new DeleteRangeRequest());
-    del_request->set_key(key);
-    if(recursive)
-    {
-        del_request->set_range_end(range_end);
-    }
+  del_request.reset(new DeleteRangeRequest());
+  del_request->set_key(key);
+  if (recursive) {
+    del_request->set_range_end(range_end);
+  }
 
-    req_failure = txn_request->add_failure();
-    req_failure->set_allocated_request_delete_range(del_request.release());
+  req_failure = txn_request->add_failure();
+  req_failure->set_allocated_request_delete_range(del_request.release());
 }
 
-void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_compare_and_delete_operation(std::string const& key) {
-    std::unique_ptr<DeleteRangeRequest> del_request(new DeleteRangeRequest());
-    del_request->set_key(key);
-    del_request->set_prev_kv(true);
-    RequestOp* req_success = txn_request->add_success();
-    req_success->set_allocated_request_delete_range(del_request.release());
+void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_compare_and_delete_operation(
+    std::string const& key) {
+  std::unique_ptr<DeleteRangeRequest> del_request(new DeleteRangeRequest());
+  del_request->set_key(key);
+  del_request->set_prev_kv(true);
+  RequestOp* req_success = txn_request->add_success();
+  req_success->set_allocated_request_delete_range(del_request.release());
 }
 
-void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_put(std::string const &key, std::string const &value) {
-    std::unique_ptr<PutRequest> put_request(new PutRequest());
-    put_request->set_key(key);
-    put_request->set_value(value);
-    put_request->set_prev_kv(false);
-    RequestOp* req_success = txn_request->add_success();
-    req_success->set_allocated_request_put(put_request.release());
+void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_put(std::string const& key,
+                                    std::string const& value) {
+  std::unique_ptr<PutRequest> put_request(new PutRequest());
+  put_request->set_key(key);
+  put_request->set_value(value);
+  put_request->set_prev_kv(false);
+  RequestOp* req_success = txn_request->add_success();
+  req_success->set_allocated_request_put(put_request.release());
 }
 
-void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_delete(std::string const &key) {
-    std::unique_ptr<DeleteRangeRequest> del_request(new DeleteRangeRequest());
-    del_request->set_key(key);
-    del_request->set_prev_kv(false);
+void etcdv3::Transaction::setup_delete(std::string const& key) {
+  std::unique_ptr<DeleteRangeRequest> del_request(new DeleteRangeRequest());
+  del_request->set_key(key);
+  del_request->set_prev_kv(false);
 
-    RequestOp* req_success = txn_request->add_success();
-    req_success->set_allocated_request_delete_range(del_request.release());
+  RequestOp* req_success = txn_request->add_success();
+  req_success->set_allocated_request_delete_range(del_request.release());
 }
 
-etcdv3::Transaction::~Transaction() {
-}
+etcdv3::Transaction::~Transaction() {}

src/v3/V3Response.cpp

@@ -1,118 +1,81 @@
 #include "etcd/v3/V3Response.hpp"
 #include "etcd/v3/action_constants.hpp"
 
-void etcdv3::V3Response::set_error_code(int code) 
-{
-  error_code = code;
-}
+void etcdv3::V3Response::set_error_code(int code) { error_code = code; }
 
-void etcdv3::V3Response::set_error_message(std::string msg)
-{
+void etcdv3::V3Response::set_error_message(std::string msg) {
   error_message = msg;
 }
 
-int64_t etcdv3::V3Response::get_index() const
-{
-  return index;
-}
+int64_t etcdv3::V3Response::get_index() const { return index; }
 
-std::string const & etcdv3::V3Response::get_action() const
-{
-  return action;
-}
+std::string const& etcdv3::V3Response::get_action() const { return action; }
 
-int etcdv3::V3Response::get_error_code() const
-{
-  return error_code;
-}
+int etcdv3::V3Response::get_error_code() const { return error_code; }
 
-std::string const & etcdv3::V3Response::get_error_message() const
-{
+std::string const& etcdv3::V3Response::get_error_message() const {
   return error_message;
 }
 
-void etcdv3::V3Response::set_action(std::string action)
-{
+void etcdv3::V3Response::set_action(std::string action) {
   this->action = action;
 }
 
-std::vector<etcdv3::KeyValue> const & etcdv3::V3Response::get_values() const
-{
+std::vector<etcdv3::KeyValue> const& etcdv3::V3Response::get_values() const {
   return values;
 }
 
-std::vector<etcdv3::KeyValue> const & etcdv3::V3Response::get_prev_values() const
-{
+std::vector<etcdv3::KeyValue> const& etcdv3::V3Response::get_prev_values()
+    const {
   return prev_values;
 }
 
-etcdv3::KeyValue const & etcdv3::V3Response::get_value() const
-{
-  return value;
-}
+etcdv3::KeyValue const& etcdv3::V3Response::get_value() const { return value; }
 
-etcdv3::KeyValue const & etcdv3::V3Response::get_prev_value() const
-{
+etcdv3::KeyValue const& etcdv3::V3Response::get_prev_value() const {
   return prev_value;
 }
 
-bool etcdv3::V3Response::has_values() const
-{
-  return values.size() > 0;
-}
+bool etcdv3::V3Response::has_values() const { return values.size() > 0; }
 
-int64_t etcdv3::V3Response::get_compact_revision() const
-{
+int64_t etcdv3::V3Response::get_compact_revision() const {
   return compact_revision;
 }
 
-void etcdv3::V3Response::set_compact_revision(const int64_t compact_revision)
-{
+void etcdv3::V3Response::set_compact_revision(const int64_t compact_revision) {
   this->compact_revision = compact_revision;
 }
 
-int64_t etcdv3::V3Response::get_watch_id() const
-{
-  return watch_id;
-}
+int64_t etcdv3::V3Response::get_watch_id() const { return watch_id; }
 
-void etcdv3::V3Response::set_watch_id(const int64_t watch_id)
-{
+void etcdv3::V3Response::set_watch_id(const int64_t watch_id) {
   this->watch_id = watch_id;
 }
 
-void etcdv3::V3Response::set_lock_key(std::string const &key) {
+void etcdv3::V3Response::set_lock_key(std::string const& key) {
   this->lock_key = key;
 }
 
-std::string const & etcdv3::V3Response::get_lock_key() const {
+std::string const& etcdv3::V3Response::get_lock_key() const {
   return this->lock_key;
 }
 
-void etcdv3::V3Response::set_name(std::string const &name) {
+void etcdv3::V3Response::set_name(std::string const& name) {
   this->name = name;
 }
 
-std::string const & etcdv3::V3Response::get_name() const {
-  return this->name;
-}
+std::string const& etcdv3::V3Response::get_name() const { return this->name; }
 
-std::vector<mvccpb::Event> const & etcdv3::V3Response::get_events() const {
+std::vector<mvccpb::Event> const& etcdv3::V3Response::get_events() const {
   return this->events;
 }
 
-uint64_t etcdv3::V3Response::get_cluster_id() const {
-  return this->cluster_id;
-}
+uint64_t etcdv3::V3Response::get_cluster_id() const { return this->cluster_id; }
 
-uint64_t etcdv3::V3Response::get_member_id() const {
-  return this->member_id;
-}
+uint64_t etcdv3::V3Response::get_member_id() const { return this->member_id; }
 
-uint64_t etcdv3::V3Response::get_raft_term() const {
-  return this->raft_term;
-}
+uint64_t etcdv3::V3Response::get_raft_term() const { return this->raft_term; }
 
-std::vector<int64_t> const & etcdv3::V3Response::get_leases() const {
+std::vector<int64_t> const& etcdv3::V3Response::get_leases() const {
   return this->leases;
 }

src/v3/action_constants.cpp

@@ -1,48 +1,48 @@
 #include "etcd/v3/action_constants.hpp"
 
-char const * etcdv3::CREATE_ACTION = "create";
-char const * etcdv3::COMPARESWAP_ACTION = "compareAndSwap";
-char const * etcdv3::UPDATE_ACTION = "update";
-char const * etcdv3::SET_ACTION = "set";
-char const * etcdv3::GET_ACTION = "get";
-char const * etcdv3::PUT_ACTION = "put";
-char const * etcdv3::DELETE_ACTION = "delete";
-char const * etcdv3::COMPAREDELETE_ACTION = "compareAndDelete";
-char const * etcdv3::LOCK_ACTION = "lock";
-char const * etcdv3::UNLOCK_ACTION = "unlock";
-char const * etcdv3::TXN_ACTION = "txn";
-char const * etcdv3::WATCH_ACTION = "watch";
+char const* etcdv3::CREATE_ACTION = "create";
+char const* etcdv3::COMPARESWAP_ACTION = "compareAndSwap";
+char const* etcdv3::UPDATE_ACTION = "update";
+char const* etcdv3::SET_ACTION = "set";
+char const* etcdv3::GET_ACTION = "get";
+char const* etcdv3::PUT_ACTION = "put";
+char const* etcdv3::DELETE_ACTION = "delete";
+char const* etcdv3::COMPAREDELETE_ACTION = "compareAndDelete";
+char const* etcdv3::LOCK_ACTION = "lock";
+char const* etcdv3::UNLOCK_ACTION = "unlock";
+char const* etcdv3::TXN_ACTION = "txn";
+char const* etcdv3::WATCH_ACTION = "watch";
 
-char const * etcdv3::LEASEGRANT = "leasegrant";
-char const * etcdv3::LEASEREVOKE = "leaserevoke";
-char const * etcdv3::LEASEKEEPALIVE = "leasekeepalive";
-char const * etcdv3::LEASETIMETOLIVE = "leasetimetolive";
-char const * etcdv3::LEASELEASES = "leaseleases";
+char const* etcdv3::LEASEGRANT = "leasegrant";
+char const* etcdv3::LEASEREVOKE = "leaserevoke";
+char const* etcdv3::LEASEKEEPALIVE = "leasekeepalive";
+char const* etcdv3::LEASETIMETOLIVE = "leasetimetolive";
+char const* etcdv3::LEASELEASES = "leaseleases";
 
-char const * etcdv3::CAMPAIGN_ACTION = "campaign";
-char const * etcdv3::PROCLAIM_ACTION = "preclaim";
-char const * etcdv3::LEADER_ACTION = "leader";
-char const * etcdv3::OBSERVE_ACTION = "obverse";
-char const * etcdv3::RESIGN_ACTION = "resign";
+char const* etcdv3::CAMPAIGN_ACTION = "campaign";
+char const* etcdv3::PROCLAIM_ACTION = "preclaim";
+char const* etcdv3::LEADER_ACTION = "leader";
+char const* etcdv3::OBSERVE_ACTION = "obverse";
+char const* etcdv3::RESIGN_ACTION = "resign";
 
 // see: noPrefixEnd in etcd, however c++ doesn't allows naive '\0' inside
 // a string, thus we use std::string(1, '\x00') as the constructor.
 std::string const etcdv3::NUL = std::string(1, '\x00');
 
-char const * etcdv3::KEEPALIVE_CREATE = "keepalive create";
-char const * etcdv3::KEEPALIVE_WRITE = "keepalive write";
-char const * etcdv3::KEEPALIVE_READ = "keepalive read";
-char const * etcdv3::KEEPALIVE_DONE = "keepalive done";
-char const * etcdv3::KEEPALIVE_FINISH = "keepalive finish";
+char const* etcdv3::KEEPALIVE_CREATE = "keepalive create";
+char const* etcdv3::KEEPALIVE_WRITE = "keepalive write";
+char const* etcdv3::KEEPALIVE_READ = "keepalive read";
+char const* etcdv3::KEEPALIVE_DONE = "keepalive done";
+char const* etcdv3::KEEPALIVE_FINISH = "keepalive finish";
 
-char const * etcdv3::WATCH_CREATE = "watch create";
-char const * etcdv3::WATCH_WRITE = "watch write";
-char const * etcdv3::WATCH_WRITE_CANCEL = "watch write cancel";
-char const * etcdv3::WATCH_WRITES_DONE = "watch writes done";
-char const * etcdv3::WATCH_FINISH = "watch finish";
+char const* etcdv3::WATCH_CREATE = "watch create";
+char const* etcdv3::WATCH_WRITE = "watch write";
+char const* etcdv3::WATCH_WRITE_CANCEL = "watch write cancel";
+char const* etcdv3::WATCH_WRITES_DONE = "watch writes done";
+char const* etcdv3::WATCH_FINISH = "watch finish";
 
-char const * etcdv3::ELECTION_OBSERVE_CREATE = "observe create";
-char const * etcdv3::ELECTION_OBSERVE_FINISH = "observe finish";
+char const* etcdv3::ELECTION_OBSERVE_CREATE = "observe create";
+char const* etcdv3::ELECTION_OBSERVE_FINISH = "observe finish";
 
 const int etcdv3::ERROR_GRPC_OK = 0;
 const int etcdv3::ERROR_GRPC_CANCELLED = 1;

tst/AuthTest.cpp

@@ -5,22 +5,21 @@
 
 #include "etcd/Client.hpp"
 
-static const std::string etcd_url = etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
+static const std::string etcd_url =
+    etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
 
-TEST_CASE("setup with auth")
-{
-  etcd::Client *etcd = etcd::Client::WithUser(etcd_url, "root", "root");
+TEST_CASE("setup with auth") {
+  etcd::Client* etcd = etcd::Client::WithUser(etcd_url, "root", "root");
   etcd->rmdir("/test", true).wait();
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("add a new key after authenticate")
-{
-  etcd::Client *etcd = etcd::Client::WithUser(etcd_url, "root", "root");
+TEST_CASE("add a new key after authenticate") {
+  etcd::Client* etcd = etcd::Client::WithUser(etcd_url, "root", "root");
   etcd->rmdir("/test", true).wait();
   etcd::Response resp = etcd->add("/test/key1", "42").get();
   REQUIRE(0 == resp.error_code());
   CHECK("create" == resp.action());
-  etcd::Value const & val = resp.value();
+  etcd::Value const& val = resp.value();
   CHECK("42" == val.as_string());
   CHECK("/test/key1" == val.key());
   CHECK(!val.is_dir());
@@ -28,24 +27,28 @@ TEST_CASE("add a new key after authenticate")
   CHECK(0 < val.modified_index());
   CHECK(1 == val.version());
   CHECK(0 < resp.index());
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS == etcd->add("/test/key1", "43").get().error_code()); // Key already exists
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS == etcd->add("/test/key1", "42").get().error_code()); // Key already exists
-  CHECK("etcd-cpp-apiv3: key already exists" == etcd->add("/test/key1", "42").get().error_message());
+  CHECK(
+      etcd::ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS ==
+      etcd->add("/test/key1", "43").get().error_code());  // Key already exists
+  CHECK(
+      etcd::ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS ==
+      etcd->add("/test/key1", "42").get().error_code());  // Key already exists
+  CHECK("etcd-cpp-apiv3: key already exists" ==
+        etcd->add("/test/key1", "42").get().error_message());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("read a value from etcd")
-{
-  etcd::Client *etcd = etcd::Client::WithUser(etcd_url, "root", "root");
+TEST_CASE("read a value from etcd") {
+  etcd::Client* etcd = etcd::Client::WithUser(etcd_url, "root", "root");
   etcd::Response resp = etcd->get("/test/key1").get();
   CHECK("get" == resp.action());
   REQUIRE(resp.is_ok());
   REQUIRE(0 == resp.error_code());
   CHECK("42" == resp.value().as_string());
-  CHECK("" == etcd->get("/test").get().value().as_string()); // key points to a directory
+  CHECK("" == etcd->get("/test").get().value().as_string());  // key points to a
+                                                              // directory
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("cleanup")
-{
-  etcd::Client *etcd = etcd::Client::WithUser(etcd_url, "root", "root");
+TEST_CASE("cleanup") {
+  etcd::Client* etcd = etcd::Client::WithUser(etcd_url, "root", "root");
   REQUIRE(0 == etcd->rmdir("/test", true).get().error_code());
 }

tst/CampaignTest.cpp

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #include "etcd/Value.hpp"
 
 static std::string etcd_uri = etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints(
-	"http://127.0.0.1:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2479,http://127.0.0.1:2579");
+    "http://127.0.0.1:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2479,http://127.0.0.1:2579");
 
 TEST_CASE("campaign and leadership using keepalive") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_uri);
@@ -39,13 +39,14 @@ TEST_CASE("campaign and leadership using keepalive") {
 
   std::cout << "finish leader" << std::endl;
 
-  auto resp3 = etcd.resign("/leader", resp1.value().lease(), resp1.value().key(), resp1.value().created_index()).get();
+  auto resp3 = etcd.resign("/leader", resp1.value().lease(),
+                           resp1.value().key(), resp1.value().created_index())
+                   .get();
   CHECK(0 == resp3.error_code());
 
   std::cout << "finish resign" << std::endl;
 }
 
-
 TEST_CASE("concurrent campaign with grpc timeout") {
   std::string value1 = std::string("192.168.1.6:1880");
   std::string value2 = std::string("192.168.1.6:1890");
@@ -60,7 +61,9 @@ TEST_CASE("concurrent campaign with grpc timeout") {
     std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(10));
 
     // resign
-    auto resp2 = etcd.resign("/leader", resp1.value().lease(), resp1.value().key(), resp1.value().created_index()).get();
+    auto resp2 = etcd.resign("/leader", resp1.value().lease(),
+                             resp1.value().key(), resp1.value().created_index())
+                     .get();
     CHECK(0 == resp2.error_code());
   };
 
@@ -74,7 +77,7 @@ TEST_CASE("concurrent campaign with grpc timeout") {
 
     std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(3));
     auto resp1 = etcd.campaign("/leader", lease_id, value2).get();
-    std::cout <<resp1.error_code() << resp1.error_message() << std::endl;
+    std::cout << resp1.error_code() << resp1.error_message() << std::endl;
     CHECK(0 != resp1.error_code());
 
     // wait until success
@@ -92,7 +95,9 @@ TEST_CASE("concurrent campaign with grpc timeout") {
       }
     }
 
-    auto resp2 = etcd.resign("/leader", resp1.value().lease(), resp1.value().key(), resp1.value().created_index()).get();
+    auto resp2 = etcd.resign("/leader", resp1.value().lease(),
+                             resp1.value().key(), resp1.value().created_index())
+                     .get();
     CHECK(0 == resp2.error_code());
   };
 

tst/ElectionTest.cpp

@@ -8,16 +8,15 @@
 #include "etcd/Client.hpp"
 #include "etcd/KeepAlive.hpp"
 
-static const std::string etcd_url = etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
+static const std::string etcd_url =
+    etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
 
-TEST_CASE("setup")
-{
+TEST_CASE("setup") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true).wait();
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("campaign and resign")
-{
+TEST_CASE("campaign and resign") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
 
   auto keepalive = etcd.leasekeepalive(60).get();
@@ -36,9 +35,9 @@ TEST_CASE("campaign and resign")
   }
 
   // proclaim
-  auto resp3 = etcd.proclaim("test", lease_id,
-                             resp1.value().key(), resp1.value().created_index(),
-                             "tttt").get();
+  auto resp3 = etcd.proclaim("test", lease_id, resp1.value().key(),
+                             resp1.value().created_index(), "tttt")
+                   .get();
   REQUIRE(0 == resp3.error_code());
 
   // leader
@@ -50,13 +49,13 @@ TEST_CASE("campaign and resign")
   }
 
   // resign
-  auto resp5 = etcd.resign("test", lease_id,
-                           resp1.value().key(), resp1.value().created_index()).get();
+  auto resp5 = etcd.resign("test", lease_id, resp1.value().key(),
+                           resp1.value().created_index())
+                   .get();
   REQUIRE(0 == resp5.error_code());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("campaign and observe")
-{
+TEST_CASE("campaign and observe") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
 
   auto keepalive = etcd.leasekeepalive(60).get();
@@ -67,7 +66,8 @@ TEST_CASE("campaign and observe")
     // wait many change events, blocked execution
     for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
       etcd::Response resp = observer->WaitOnce();
-      std::cout << "observe " << resp.value().key() << " as the leader: " << resp.value().as_string() << std::endl;
+      std::cout << "observe " << resp.value().key()
+                << " as the leader: " << resp.value().as_string() << std::endl;
     }
     std::cout << "finish the observe" << std::endl;
     // cancel the observers
@@ -109,8 +109,7 @@ TEST_CASE("campaign and observe")
   observer_thread.join();
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("cleanup")
-{
+TEST_CASE("cleanup") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true).get();
 }

tst/EtcdSyncTest.cpp

@@ -5,38 +5,41 @@
 
 #include "etcd/SyncClient.hpp"
 
-static const std::string etcd_url = etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
+static const std::string etcd_url =
+    etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
 
-TEST_CASE("sync operations")
-{
+TEST_CASE("sync operations") {
   etcd::SyncClient etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true);
 
   // add
   CHECK(0 == etcd.add("/test/key1", "42").error_code());
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS == etcd.add("/test/key1", "42").error_code()); // Key already exists
+  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS ==
+        etcd.add("/test/key1", "42").error_code());  // Key already exists
   CHECK("42" == etcd.get("/test/key1").value().as_string());
 
   // modify
   CHECK(0 == etcd.modify("/test/key1", "43").error_code());
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND == etcd.modify("/test/key2", "43").error_code()); // Key not found
+  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND ==
+        etcd.modify("/test/key2", "43").error_code());  // Key not found
   CHECK("43" == etcd.modify("/test/key1", "42").prev_value().as_string());
 
   // set
-  CHECK(0  == etcd.set("/test/key1", "43").error_code()); // overwrite
-  CHECK(0  == etcd.set("/test/key2", "43").error_code()); // create new
+  CHECK(0 == etcd.set("/test/key1", "43").error_code());  // overwrite
+  CHECK(0 == etcd.set("/test/key2", "43").error_code());  // create new
   CHECK("43" == etcd.set("/test/key2", "44").prev_value().as_string());
-  CHECK(""   == etcd.set("/test/key3", "44").prev_value().as_string());
+  CHECK("" == etcd.set("/test/key3", "44").prev_value().as_string());
 
   // get
   CHECK("43" == etcd.get("/test/key1").value().as_string());
   CHECK("44" == etcd.get("/test/key2").value().as_string());
   CHECK("44" == etcd.get("/test/key3").value().as_string());
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND == etcd.get("/test/key4").error_code()); // key not found
+  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND ==
+        etcd.get("/test/key4").error_code());  // key not found
 
   // rm
   CHECK(3 == etcd.ls("/test").keys().size());
-  CHECK(0  == etcd.rm("/test/key1").error_code());
+  CHECK(0 == etcd.rm("/test/key1").error_code());
   CHECK(2 == etcd.ls("/test").keys().size());
 
   // ls
@@ -51,71 +54,75 @@ TEST_CASE("sync operations")
   CHECK(2 == etcd.keys("/test/new_dir").keys().size());
 
   // rmdir
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND == etcd.rmdir("/test/new_dir").error_code()); // key not found
+  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND ==
+        etcd.rmdir("/test/new_dir").error_code());  // key not found
   CHECK(0 == etcd.rmdir("/test/new_dir", true).error_code());
 
   // compare and swap
   etcd.set("/test/key1", "42");
   int64_t index = etcd.modify_if("/test/key1", "43", "42").index();
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_COMPARE_FAILED == etcd.modify_if("/test/key1", "44", "42").error_code());
+  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_COMPARE_FAILED ==
+        etcd.modify_if("/test/key1", "44", "42").error_code());
   REQUIRE(etcd.modify_if("/test/key1", "44", index).is_ok());
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_COMPARE_FAILED == etcd.modify_if("/test/key1", "45", index).error_code());
+  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_COMPARE_FAILED ==
+        etcd.modify_if("/test/key1", "45", index).error_code());
 
   // atomic compare-and-delete based on prevValue
   etcd.set("/test/key1", "42");
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_COMPARE_FAILED == etcd.rm_if("/test/key1", "43").error_code());
+  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_COMPARE_FAILED ==
+        etcd.rm_if("/test/key1", "43").error_code());
   CHECK(0 == etcd.rm_if("/test/key1", "42").error_code());
 
   // atomic compare-and-delete based on prevIndex
   index = etcd.set("/test/key1", "42").index();
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_COMPARE_FAILED == etcd.rm_if("/test/key1", index - 1).error_code());
+  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_COMPARE_FAILED ==
+        etcd.rm_if("/test/key1", index - 1).error_code());
   CHECK(0 == etcd.rm_if("/test/key1", index).error_code());
 
-  //leasegrant
+  // leasegrant
   etcd::Response res = etcd.leasegrant(60);
   REQUIRE(res.is_ok());
   CHECK(60 == res.value().ttl());
-  CHECK(0 <  res.value().lease());
+  CHECK(0 < res.value().lease());
   int64_t leaseid = res.value().lease();
 
-  //add with lease
+  // add with lease
   res = etcd.add("/test/key1111", "43", leaseid);
-  REQUIRE(0 == res.error_code()); // overwrite
+  REQUIRE(0 == res.error_code());  // overwrite
   CHECK("create" == res.action());
-  CHECK(leaseid ==  res.value().lease());
+  CHECK(leaseid == res.value().lease());
 
-  //set with lease
+  // set with lease
   res = etcd.set("/test/key1", "43", leaseid);
   REQUIRE(0 == res.error_code());
   CHECK("set" == res.action());
-  CHECK(leaseid ==  res.value().lease());
+  CHECK(leaseid == res.value().lease());
 
-  //modify with lease
+  // modify with lease
   res = etcd.modify("/test/key1", "44", leaseid);
-  REQUIRE(0 == res.error_code()); 
+  REQUIRE(0 == res.error_code());
   CHECK("update" == res.action());
-  CHECK(leaseid ==  res.value().lease());
-  CHECK("44" ==  res.value().as_string());
+  CHECK(leaseid == res.value().lease());
+  CHECK("44" == res.value().as_string());
 
   res = etcd.modify_if("/test/key1", "45", "44", leaseid);
   index = res.index();
   REQUIRE(res.is_ok());
   CHECK("compareAndSwap" == res.action());
-  CHECK(leaseid ==  res.value().lease());
+  CHECK(leaseid == res.value().lease());
   CHECK("45" == res.value().as_string());
 
   res = etcd.modify_if("/test/key1", "44", index, leaseid);
   index = res.index();
   REQUIRE(res.is_ok());
   CHECK("compareAndSwap" == res.action());
-  CHECK(leaseid ==  res.value().lease());
+  CHECK(leaseid == res.value().lease());
   CHECK("44" == res.value().as_string());
 
   REQUIRE(0 == etcd.rmdir("/test", true).error_code());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("wait for a value change")
-{
+TEST_CASE("wait for a value change") {
   etcd::SyncClient etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.set("/test/key1", "42");
 
@@ -132,8 +139,7 @@ TEST_CASE("wait for a value change")
   REQUIRE(0 == etcd.rmdir("/test", true).error_code());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("wait for a directory change")
-{
+TEST_CASE("wait for a directory change") {
   etcd::SyncClient etcd(etcd_url);
 
   std::thread watch_thrd1([&]() {
@@ -159,8 +165,7 @@ TEST_CASE("wait for a directory change")
   REQUIRE(0 == etcd.rmdir("/test", true).error_code());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("watch changes in the past")
-{
+TEST_CASE("watch changes in the past") {
   etcd::SyncClient etcd(etcd_url);
 
   int64_t index = etcd.set("/test/key1", "42").index();

tst/EtcdTest.cpp

@@ -7,22 +7,21 @@
 
 #include "etcd/Client.hpp"
 
-static const std::string etcd_url = etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
+static const std::string etcd_url =
+    etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
 
-TEST_CASE("setup")
-{
+TEST_CASE("setup") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true).wait();
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("add a new key")
-{
+TEST_CASE("add a new key") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true).wait();
   etcd::Response resp = etcd.add("/test/key1", "42").get();
   REQUIRE(0 == resp.error_code());
   CHECK("create" == resp.action());
-  etcd::Value const & val = resp.value();
+  etcd::Value const& val = resp.value();
   CHECK("42" == val.as_string());
   CHECK("/test/key1" == val.key());
   CHECK(!val.is_dir());
@@ -30,32 +29,35 @@ TEST_CASE("add a new key")
   CHECK(0 < val.modified_index());
   CHECK(1 == val.version());
   CHECK(0 < resp.index());
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS == etcd.add("/test/key1", "43").get().error_code()); // Key already exists
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS == etcd.add("/test/key1", "42").get().error_code()); // Key already exists
-  CHECK("etcd-cpp-apiv3: key already exists" == etcd.add("/test/key1", "42").get().error_message());
+  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS ==
+        etcd.add("/test/key1", "43").get().error_code());  // Key already exists
+  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS ==
+        etcd.add("/test/key1", "42").get().error_code());  // Key already exists
+  CHECK("etcd-cpp-apiv3: key already exists" ==
+        etcd.add("/test/key1", "42").get().error_message());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("read a value from etcd")
-{
+TEST_CASE("read a value from etcd") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd::Response resp = etcd.get("/test/key1").get();
   CHECK("get" == resp.action());
   REQUIRE(resp.is_ok());
   REQUIRE(0 == resp.error_code());
   CHECK("42" == resp.value().as_string());
-  CHECK("" == etcd.get("/test").get().value().as_string()); // key points to a directory
+  CHECK("" == etcd.get("/test").get().value().as_string());  // key points to a
+                                                             // directory
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("simplified read")
-{
+TEST_CASE("simplified read") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   CHECK("42" == etcd.get("/test/key1").get().value().as_string());
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND  == etcd.get("/test/key2").get().error_code()); // Key not found
-  CHECK("" == etcd.get("/test/key2").get().value().as_string()); // Key not found
+  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND ==
+        etcd.get("/test/key2").get().error_code());  // Key not found
+  CHECK("" ==
+        etcd.get("/test/key2").get().value().as_string());  // Key not found
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("modify a key")
-{
+TEST_CASE("modify a key") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
 
   // get
@@ -66,9 +68,10 @@ TEST_CASE("modify a key")
 
   // modify
   resp = etcd.modify("/test/key1", "43").get();
-  REQUIRE(0 == resp.error_code()); // overwrite
+  REQUIRE(0 == resp.error_code());  // overwrite
   CHECK("update" == resp.action());
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND == etcd.modify("/test/key2", "43").get().error_code()); // Key not found
+  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND ==
+        etcd.modify("/test/key2", "43").get().error_code());  // Key not found
   CHECK("43" == etcd.modify("/test/key1", "42").get().prev_value().as_string());
 
   // check previous
@@ -77,28 +80,26 @@ TEST_CASE("modify a key")
   CHECK("42" == resp.value().as_string());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("set a key")
-{
+TEST_CASE("set a key") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd::Response resp = etcd.set("/test/key1", "43").get();
-  REQUIRE(0  == resp.error_code()); // overwrite
+  REQUIRE(0 == resp.error_code());  // overwrite
   CHECK("set" == resp.action());
-  CHECK(0  == etcd.set("/test/key2", "43").get().error_code()); // create new
+  CHECK(0 == etcd.set("/test/key2", "43").get().error_code());  // create new
   CHECK("43" == etcd.set("/test/key2", "44").get().prev_value().as_string());
   CHECK("" == etcd.set("/test/key3", "44").get().prev_value().as_string());
-  CHECK(0  == etcd.set("/test",      "42").get().error_code()); // Not a file
+  CHECK(0 == etcd.set("/test", "42").get().error_code());  // Not a file
 
-  //set with ttl
+  // set with ttl
   resp = etcd.set("/test/key1", "50", 10).get();
-  REQUIRE(0  == resp.error_code()); // overwrite
+  REQUIRE(0 == resp.error_code());  // overwrite
   CHECK("set" == resp.action());
   CHECK("43" == resp.prev_value().as_string());
   CHECK("50" == resp.value().as_string());
-  CHECK( 0 < resp.value().lease());
+  CHECK(0 < resp.value().lease());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("atomic compare-and-swap")
-{
+TEST_CASE("atomic compare-and-swap") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.set("/test/key1", "42").wait();
 
@@ -121,8 +122,7 @@ TEST_CASE("atomic compare-and-swap")
   CHECK("etcd-cpp-apiv3: key not found" == res.error_message());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("delete a value")
-{
+TEST_CASE("delete a value") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd::Response resp = etcd.rm("/test/key11111").get();
   CHECK(!resp.is_ok());
@@ -139,20 +139,19 @@ TEST_CASE("delete a value")
 
   resp = etcd.rm("/test/key1").get();
   CHECK("43" == resp.prev_value().as_string());
-  CHECK( "/test/key1" == resp.prev_value().key());
-  CHECK( create_index == resp.prev_value().created_index());
-  CHECK( modify_index == resp.prev_value().modified_index());
-  CHECK( version == resp.prev_value().version());
+  CHECK("/test/key1" == resp.prev_value().key());
+  CHECK(create_index == resp.prev_value().created_index());
+  CHECK(modify_index == resp.prev_value().modified_index());
+  CHECK(version == resp.prev_value().version());
   CHECK("delete" == resp.action());
-  CHECK( modify_index == resp.value().modified_index());
-  CHECK( create_index == resp.value().created_index());
-  CHECK( version == resp.value().version());
+  CHECK(modify_index == resp.value().modified_index());
+  CHECK(create_index == resp.value().created_index());
+  CHECK(version == resp.value().version());
   CHECK("" == resp.value().as_string());
-  CHECK( "/test/key1" == resp.value().key());
+  CHECK("/test/key1" == resp.value().key());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("atomic compare-and-delete based on prevValue")
-{
+TEST_CASE("atomic compare-and-delete based on prevValue") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.set("/test/key1", "42").wait();
 
@@ -167,8 +166,7 @@ TEST_CASE("atomic compare-and-delete based on prevValue")
   CHECK("42" == res.prev_value().as_string());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("atomic compare-and-delete based on prevIndex")
-{
+TEST_CASE("atomic compare-and-delete based on prevIndex") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   int64_t index = etcd.set("/test/key1", "42").get().index();
 
@@ -183,8 +181,7 @@ TEST_CASE("atomic compare-and-delete based on prevIndex")
   CHECK("42" == res.prev_value().as_string());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("deep atomic compare-and-swap")
-{
+TEST_CASE("deep atomic compare-and-swap") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.set("/test/key1", "42").wait();
 
@@ -214,8 +211,7 @@ TEST_CASE("deep atomic compare-and-swap")
   CHECK("etcd-cpp-apiv3: compare failed" == res.error_message());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("using binary keys and values, raw char pointer doesn't work")
-{
+TEST_CASE("using binary keys and values, raw char pointer doesn't work") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true).wait();
   {
@@ -244,12 +240,13 @@ TEST_CASE("using binary keys and values, raw char pointer doesn't work")
   }
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("using binary keys and values, std::string is ok for \\0")
-{
+TEST_CASE("using binary keys and values, std::string is ok for \\0") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true).wait();
   {
-    etcd::Response resp = etcd.put(std::string("/test/key1\0xyz", 14), std::string("42\0foo", 6)).get();
+    etcd::Response resp =
+        etcd.put(std::string("/test/key1\0xyz", 14), std::string("42\0foo", 6))
+            .get();
     REQUIRE(resp.is_ok());
   }
   {
@@ -267,8 +264,7 @@ TEST_CASE("using binary keys and values, std::string is ok for \\0")
   }
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("list a directory")
-{
+TEST_CASE("list a directory") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   CHECK(0 == etcd.ls("/test/new_dir").get().keys().size());
 
@@ -304,8 +300,7 @@ TEST_CASE("list a directory")
   CHECK(etcd.rmdir("/test/new_dir", true).get().is_ok());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("list by range")
-{
+TEST_CASE("list by range") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   CHECK(0 == etcd.ls("/test/new_dir").get().keys().size());
 
@@ -315,13 +310,15 @@ TEST_CASE("list by range")
   etcd.set("/test/new_dir/key3", "value3").wait();
   etcd.set("/test/new_dir/key4", "value4").wait();
 
-  etcd::Response resp1 = etcd.ls("/test/new_dir/key1", "/test/new_dir/key3").get();
+  etcd::Response resp1 =
+      etcd.ls("/test/new_dir/key1", "/test/new_dir/key3").get();
   REQUIRE(resp1.is_ok());
   CHECK("get" == resp1.action());
   REQUIRE(2 == resp1.keys().size());
   REQUIRE(2 == resp1.values().size());
 
-  etcd::Response resp2 = etcd.ls("/test/new_dir/key1", "/test/new_dir/key4").get();
+  etcd::Response resp2 =
+      etcd.ls("/test/new_dir/key1", "/test/new_dir/key4").get();
   REQUIRE(resp2.is_ok());
   CHECK("get" == resp2.action());
   REQUIRE(3 == resp2.keys().size());
@@ -333,7 +330,10 @@ TEST_CASE("list by range")
   REQUIRE(4 == resp3.keys().size());
   REQUIRE(4 == resp3.values().size());
 
-  etcd::Response resp4 = etcd.ls("/test/new_dir/key1", etcdv3::detail::string_plus_one("/test/new_dir/key")).get();
+  etcd::Response resp4 =
+      etcd.ls("/test/new_dir/key1",
+              etcdv3::detail::string_plus_one("/test/new_dir/key"))
+          .get();
   REQUIRE(resp4.is_ok());
   CHECK("get" == resp4.action());
   REQUIRE(4 == resp4.keys().size());
@@ -344,8 +344,7 @@ TEST_CASE("list by range")
   CHECK(etcd.rmdir("/test/new_dir", true).get().is_ok());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("list by range, w/o values")
-{
+TEST_CASE("list by range, w/o values") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   CHECK(0 == etcd.ls("/test/new_dir").get().keys().size());
 
@@ -355,14 +354,16 @@ TEST_CASE("list by range, w/o values")
   etcd.set("/test/new_dir/key3", "value3").wait();
   etcd.set("/test/new_dir/key4", "value4").wait();
 
-  etcd::Response resp1 = etcd.ls("/test/new_dir/key1", "/test/new_dir/key2").get();
+  etcd::Response resp1 =
+      etcd.ls("/test/new_dir/key1", "/test/new_dir/key2").get();
   REQUIRE(resp1.is_ok());
   CHECK("get" == resp1.action());
   REQUIRE(1 == resp1.keys().size());
   REQUIRE(1 == resp1.values().size());
   REQUIRE(resp1.values()[0].as_string() == "value1");
 
-  etcd::Response resp2 = etcd.keys("/test/new_dir/key1", "/test/new_dir/key2").get();
+  etcd::Response resp2 =
+      etcd.keys("/test/new_dir/key1", "/test/new_dir/key2").get();
   REQUIRE(resp1.is_ok());
   CHECK("get" == resp2.action());
   REQUIRE(1 == resp2.keys().size());
@@ -372,15 +373,15 @@ TEST_CASE("list by range, w/o values")
   CHECK(etcd.rmdir("/test/new_dir", true).get().is_ok());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("delete a directory")
-{
+TEST_CASE("delete a directory") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
 
   etcd.set("/test/new_dir/key1", "value1").wait();
   etcd.set("/test/new_dir/key2", "value2").wait();
   etcd.set("/test/new_dir/key3", "value3").wait();
 
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND == etcd.rmdir("/test/new_dir").get().error_code()); // key not found
+  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND ==
+        etcd.rmdir("/test/new_dir").get().error_code());  // key not found
   etcd::Response resp = etcd.ls("/test/new_dir").get();
 
   resp = etcd.rmdir("/test/new_dir", true).get();
@@ -391,7 +392,6 @@ TEST_CASE("delete a directory")
   CHECK("value1" == resp.value(0).as_string());
   CHECK("value2" == resp.value(1).as_string());
 
-
   resp = etcd.rmdir("/test/dirnotfound", true).get();
   CHECK(!resp.is_ok());
   CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND == resp.error_code());
@@ -403,8 +403,7 @@ TEST_CASE("delete a directory")
   CHECK("etcd-cpp-apiv3: key not found" == resp.error_message());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("delete all keys with rmdir(\"\", true)")
-{
+TEST_CASE("delete all keys with rmdir(\"\", true)") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.rmdir("", true).wait();
 
@@ -417,11 +416,11 @@ TEST_CASE("delete all keys with rmdir(\"\", true)")
   CHECK(resp.values().size() == 3);
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("delete by range")
-{
+TEST_CASE("delete by range") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
 
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND == etcd.rmdir("/test/new_dir").get().error_code()); // key not found
+  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_NOT_FOUND ==
+        etcd.rmdir("/test/new_dir").get().error_code());  // key not found
   etcd::Response resp = etcd.ls("/test/new_dir").get();
 
   etcd.set("/test/new_dir/key1", "value1").wait();
@@ -438,8 +437,7 @@ TEST_CASE("delete by range")
   CHECK("value2" == resp.value(1).as_string());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("wait for a value change")
-{
+TEST_CASE("wait for a value change") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.set("/test/key1", "42").wait();
 
@@ -447,7 +445,7 @@ TEST_CASE("wait for a value change")
   CHECK(!res.is_done());
   std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
   CHECK(!res.is_done());
-  
+
   etcd.set("/test/key1", "43").get();
   std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
   REQUIRE(res.is_done());
@@ -456,8 +454,7 @@ TEST_CASE("wait for a value change")
   CHECK("42" == res.get().prev_value().as_string());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("wait for a directory change")
-{
+TEST_CASE("wait for a directory change") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
 
   pplx::task<etcd::Response> res = etcd.watch("/test", true);
@@ -483,8 +480,7 @@ TEST_CASE("wait for a directory change")
   CHECK("45" == res2.get().value().as_string());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("watch changes in the past")
-{
+TEST_CASE("watch changes in the past") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   REQUIRE(0 == etcd.rmdir("/test", true).get().error_code());
   int64_t index = etcd.set("/test/key1", "42").get().index();
@@ -510,8 +506,7 @@ TEST_CASE("watch changes in the past")
   CHECK("45" == res.value().as_string());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("watch range changes in the past")
-{
+TEST_CASE("watch range changes in the past") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   REQUIRE(0 == etcd.rmdir("/test", true).get().error_code());
   int64_t index = etcd.set("/test/key1", "42").get().index();
@@ -542,53 +537,53 @@ TEST_CASE("watch multiple keys and use promise") {
   int64_t start_index = etcd.set("/test/key1", "value1").get().index();
   etcd.set("/test/key2", "value2").get();
 
-  pplx::task<size_t> res = etcd.watch("/test", start_index, true)
-    .then([](pplx::task<etcd::Response> const &resp_task) -> size_t {
-      auto const &resp = resp_task.get();
-      return resp.events().size();
-    });
+  pplx::task<size_t> res =
+      etcd.watch("/test", start_index, true)
+          .then([](pplx::task<etcd::Response> const& resp_task) -> size_t {
+            auto const& resp = resp_task.get();
+            return resp.events().size();
+          });
   size_t event_size = res.get();
   CHECK(2 == event_size);
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("lease grant")
-{
+TEST_CASE("lease grant") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd::Response res = etcd.leasegrant(60).get();
   REQUIRE(res.is_ok());
   CHECK(60 == res.value().ttl());
-  CHECK(0 <  res.value().lease());
+  CHECK(0 < res.value().lease());
   int64_t leaseid = res.value().lease();
 
   res = etcd.set("/test/key1", "43", leaseid).get();
-  REQUIRE(0  == res.error_code()); // overwrite
+  REQUIRE(0 == res.error_code());  // overwrite
   CHECK("set" == res.action());
-  CHECK(leaseid ==  res.value().lease());
+  CHECK(leaseid == res.value().lease());
 
   // change with lease id
   res = etcd.leasegrant(10).get();
   leaseid = res.value().lease();
   res = etcd.set("/test/key1", "43", leaseid).get();
-  REQUIRE(0  == res.error_code()); // overwrite
+  REQUIRE(0 == res.error_code());  // overwrite
   CHECK("set" == res.action());
   CHECK(leaseid == res.value().lease());
 
   // failure to attach lease id
-  res = etcd.set("/test/key1", "43", leaseid+1).get();
+  res = etcd.set("/test/key1", "43", leaseid + 1).get();
   REQUIRE(!res.is_ok());
-  REQUIRE(5  == res.error_code()); 
+  REQUIRE(5 == res.error_code());
   CHECK("etcdserver: requested lease not found" == res.error_message());
 
   res = etcd.modify("/test/key1", "44", leaseid).get();
-  REQUIRE(0  == res.error_code()); // overwrite
+  REQUIRE(0 == res.error_code());  // overwrite
   CHECK("update" == res.action());
-  CHECK(leaseid ==  res.value().lease());
-  CHECK("44" ==  res.value().as_string());
+  CHECK(leaseid == res.value().lease());
+  CHECK("44" == res.value().as_string());
 
   // failure to attach invalid lease id
-  res = etcd.modify("/test/key1", "45", leaseid+1).get();
+  res = etcd.modify("/test/key1", "45", leaseid + 1).get();
   REQUIRE(!res.is_ok());
-  REQUIRE(5  == res.error_code()); 
+  REQUIRE(5 == res.error_code());
   CHECK("etcdserver: requested lease not found" == res.error_message());
 
   res = etcd.modify_if("/test/key1", "45", "44", leaseid).get();
@@ -598,9 +593,9 @@ TEST_CASE("lease grant")
   CHECK("45" == res.value().as_string());
 
   // failure to attach invalid lease id
-  res = etcd.modify_if("/test/key1", "46", "45", leaseid+1).get();
+  res = etcd.modify_if("/test/key1", "46", "45", leaseid + 1).get();
   REQUIRE(!res.is_ok());
-  REQUIRE(5  == res.error_code()); 
+  REQUIRE(5 == res.error_code());
   CHECK("etcdserver: requested lease not found" == res.error_message());
 
   // succes with the correct index & lease id
@@ -610,36 +605,35 @@ TEST_CASE("lease grant")
   CHECK("compareAndSwap" == res.action());
   CHECK("44" == res.value().as_string());
 
-  res = etcd.modify_if("/test/key1", "44", index, leaseid+1).get();
+  res = etcd.modify_if("/test/key1", "44", index, leaseid + 1).get();
   REQUIRE(!res.is_ok());
-  REQUIRE(5  == res.error_code()); 
+  REQUIRE(5 == res.error_code());
   CHECK("etcdserver: requested lease not found" == res.error_message());
 
   res = etcd.add("/test/key11111", "43", leaseid).get();
-  REQUIRE(0  == res.error_code()); 
+  REQUIRE(0 == res.error_code());
   CHECK("create" == res.action());
-  CHECK(leaseid ==  res.value().lease());
+  CHECK(leaseid == res.value().lease());
 
-  //failure to attach invalid lease id
-  res = etcd.set("/test/key11111", "43", leaseid+1).get();
+  // failure to attach invalid lease id
+  res = etcd.set("/test/key11111", "43", leaseid + 1).get();
   REQUIRE(!res.is_ok());
-  REQUIRE(5  == res.error_code()); 
+  REQUIRE(5 == res.error_code());
   CHECK("etcdserver: requested lease not found" == res.error_message());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("lease list")
-{
+TEST_CASE("lease list") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd::Response res = etcd.leasegrant(60).get();
   REQUIRE(res.is_ok());
   CHECK(60 == res.value().ttl());
-  CHECK(0 <  res.value().lease());
+  CHECK(0 < res.value().lease());
   int64_t leaseid = res.value().lease();
 
   etcd::Response leasesresp = etcd.leases().get();
   if (leasesresp.is_ok()) {
     REQUIRE(leasesresp.is_ok());
-    auto const &leases = leasesresp.leases();
+    auto const& leases = leasesresp.leases();
     REQUIRE(leases.size() > 0);
     CHECK(std::find(leases.begin(), leases.end(), leaseid) != leases.end());
   } else {
@@ -647,8 +641,7 @@ TEST_CASE("lease list")
   }
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("cleanup")
-{
+TEST_CASE("cleanup") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   REQUIRE(0 == etcd.rmdir("/test", true).get().error_code());
 }

tst/ForkTest.cpp

@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@
 #include "etcd/Client.hpp"
 #include "etcd/KeepAlive.hpp"
 
-static const std::string etcd_url = etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
+static const std::string etcd_url =
+    etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
 
-TEST_CASE("fork: set in child and get from self")
-{
+TEST_CASE("fork: set in child and get from self") {
   pid_t pid = fork();
   REQUIRE(pid >= 0);
 
@@ -29,15 +29,15 @@ TEST_CASE("fork: set in child and get from self")
     etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
     size_t check = 0;
     while (check < 10) {
-        auto resp = etcd.get("/test/fork-key1").get();
-        if (!resp.is_ok()) {
-            check += 1;
-            std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
-            continue;
-        } else {
-            CHECK(resp.value().as_string() == "fork: abcdefgh");
-            break;
-        }
+      auto resp = etcd.get("/test/fork-key1").get();
+      if (!resp.is_ok()) {
+        check += 1;
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
+        continue;
+      } else {
+        CHECK(resp.value().as_string() == "fork: abcdefgh");
+        break;
+      }
     }
     std::cout << "self: get finished ..." << std::endl;
   }

tst/KeepAliveTest.cpp

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@
 #include "etcd/SyncClient.hpp"
 #include "etcd/Value.hpp"
 
-static std::string etcd_uri = etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints(
-    "http://127.0.0.1:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2479,http://127.0.0.1:2579");
+static std::string etcd_uri =
+    etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
 
 TEST_CASE("keepalive revoke and check if alive") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_uri);
@@ -33,3 +33,30 @@ TEST_CASE("keepalive revoke and check if alive") {
   // expect keep_alive->Check() to throw exception
   REQUIRE_THROWS(keepalive->Check());
 }
+
+TEST_CASE("keepalive won't expire") {
+  etcd::Client etcd(etcd_uri);
+
+  const int64_t ttl = 3;
+  const std::string key = "key";
+  const std::string meta_str = "meta ....";
+
+  etcd::Response resp = etcd.leasegrant(ttl).get();
+  auto lease_id = resp.value().lease();
+  etcd.add(key, meta_str, lease_id);
+
+  std::function<void(std::exception_ptr)> handler =
+      [](std::exception_ptr eptr) {
+        try {
+          if (eptr) {
+            std::rethrow_exception(eptr);
+          }
+        } catch (const std::runtime_error& e) {
+          std::cerr << "Connection failure \"" << e.what() << "\"\n";
+        } catch (const std::out_of_range& e) {
+          std::cerr << "Lease expiry \"" << e.what() << "\"\n";
+        }
+      };
+  etcd::KeepAlive keepalive(etcd, handler, ttl, lease_id);
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(5));
+}

tst/LockTest.cpp

@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@
 #include "etcd/Client.hpp"
 #include "etcd/KeepAlive.hpp"
 
-static const std::string etcd_url = etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
+static const std::string etcd_url =
+    etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
 
-TEST_CASE("lock and unlock")
-{
+TEST_CASE("lock and unlock") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
 
   // lock
@@ -29,8 +29,7 @@ TEST_CASE("lock and unlock")
   REQUIRE(0 == resp2.error_code());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("double lock will fail")
-{
+TEST_CASE("double lock will fail") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
 
   // lock
@@ -42,7 +41,7 @@ TEST_CASE("double lock will fail")
   bool first_lock_release = false;
   std::string lock_key = resp1.lock_key();
 
-  auto second_lock_thr = std::thread([&](){
+  auto second_lock_thr = std::thread([&]() {
     // lock again
     etcd::Response resp2 = etcd.lock("/test/abcd").get();
     CHECK("lock" == resp2.action());
@@ -62,7 +61,8 @@ TEST_CASE("double lock will fail")
     REQUIRE(0 == resp3.error_code());
 
     // create a duration
-    // using a duration longer than default lease TTL for lock (see: DEFAULT_LEASE_TTL_FOR_LOCK)
+    // using a duration longer than default lease TTL for lock (see:
+    // DEFAULT_LEASE_TTL_FOR_LOCK)
     std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(15));
 
     // unlock the first lock
@@ -84,8 +84,7 @@ TEST_CASE("double lock will fail")
   REQUIRE(0 == resp5.error_code());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("lock could be timeout")
-{
+TEST_CASE("lock could be timeout") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
 
   // setup the timeout
@@ -97,7 +96,7 @@ TEST_CASE("lock could be timeout")
   REQUIRE(resp1.is_ok());
   REQUIRE(0 == resp1.error_code());
 
-  auto lock_in_another_thread = std::thread([&](){
+  auto lock_in_another_thread = std::thread([&]() {
     // lock again
     etcd::Response resp2 = etcd.lock("/test/abcd").get();
     CHECK("lock" == resp2.action());
@@ -113,22 +112,22 @@ TEST_CASE("lock could be timeout")
   REQUIRE(0 == resp5.error_code());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("lock using lease")
-{
+TEST_CASE("lock using lease") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
 
   bool failed = false;
 
-  std::function<void (std::exception_ptr)> handler = [&failed](std::exception_ptr eptr) {
-    try {
-        if (eptr) {
+  std::function<void(std::exception_ptr)> handler =
+      [&failed](std::exception_ptr eptr) {
+        try {
+          if (eptr) {
             std::rethrow_exception(eptr);
+          }
+        } catch (const std::exception& e) {
+          std::cerr << "Caught exception \"" << e.what() << "\"\n";
+          failed = true;
         }
-    } catch(const std::exception& e) {
-        std::cerr << "Caught exception \"" << e.what() << "\"\n";
-        failed = true;
-    }
-  };
+      };
 
   // with handler
   {
@@ -197,25 +196,31 @@ TEST_CASE("lock using lease")
   }
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("concurrent lock & unlock")
-{
+TEST_CASE("concurrent lock & unlock") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   std::string const lock_key = "/test/test_key";
 
   constexpr size_t trials = 192;
 
-  std::function<void(std::string const &, const size_t)> locker = [&etcd](std::string const &key, const size_t index) {
-    std::cout << "start lock for " << key << ", index is " << index << std::endl;
-    auto resp = etcd.lock(key).get();
-    std::cout << "lock for " << index << " is ok, starts sleeping: ..." << resp.error_message() << std::endl << std::flush;
-    REQUIRE(resp.is_ok());
-    std::srand(index);
-    size_t time_to_sleep = 1;
-    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(time_to_sleep));
-    std::cout << "lock for " << index << " resumes from sleep: ..." << resp.error_message() << std::endl << std::flush;
-    REQUIRE(etcd.unlock(resp.lock_key()).get().is_ok());
-    std::cout << "thread " << index << " been unlocked" << std::endl << std::flush;
-  };
+  std::function<void(std::string const&, const size_t)> locker =
+      [&etcd](std::string const& key, const size_t index) {
+        std::cout << "start lock for " << key << ", index is " << index
+                  << std::endl;
+        auto resp = etcd.lock(key).get();
+        std::cout << "lock for " << index << " is ok, starts sleeping: ..."
+                  << resp.error_message() << std::endl
+                  << std::flush;
+        REQUIRE(resp.is_ok());
+        std::srand(index);
+        size_t time_to_sleep = 1;
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(time_to_sleep));
+        std::cout << "lock for " << index << " resumes from sleep: ..."
+                  << resp.error_message() << std::endl
+                  << std::flush;
+        REQUIRE(etcd.unlock(resp.lock_key()).get().is_ok());
+        std::cout << "thread " << index << " been unlocked" << std::endl
+                  << std::flush;
+      };
 
   std::vector<std::thread> locks(trials);
   for (size_t index = 0; index < trials; ++index) {
@@ -233,16 +238,19 @@ TEST_CASE("concurrent lock & unlock with a put in between") {
 
   constexpr size_t trials = 128;
 
-  std::function<void(std::string const &, const size_t)> locker = [&etcd](std::string const &key, const size_t index) {
-    std::cout << "start lock for " << index << std::endl;
-    auto resp = etcd.lock(key, true).get();
-    std::cout << "lock for " << index << " is ok, start put and unlock: ..." << resp.error_message() << std::endl;
-    REQUIRE(resp.is_ok());
-    auto put_resp = etcd.put("/test/test_put", "hello" + std::to_string(index)).get();
-    REQUIRE(put_resp.is_ok());
-    REQUIRE(etcd.unlock(resp.lock_key()).get().is_ok());
-    std::cout << "thread " << index << " been unlocked" << std::endl;
-  };
+  std::function<void(std::string const&, const size_t)> locker =
+      [&etcd](std::string const& key, const size_t index) {
+        std::cout << "start lock for " << index << std::endl;
+        auto resp = etcd.lock(key, true).get();
+        std::cout << "lock for " << index << " is ok, start put and unlock: ..."
+                  << resp.error_message() << std::endl;
+        REQUIRE(resp.is_ok());
+        auto put_resp =
+            etcd.put("/test/test_put", "hello" + std::to_string(index)).get();
+        REQUIRE(put_resp.is_ok());
+        REQUIRE(etcd.unlock(resp.lock_key()).get().is_ok());
+        std::cout << "thread " << index << " been unlocked" << std::endl;
+      };
 
   std::vector<std::thread> locks(trials);
   for (size_t index = 0; index < trials; ++index) {

tst/MemLeakTest.cpp

@@ -6,25 +6,22 @@
 #include "etcd/Client.hpp"
 #include "etcd/KeepAlive.hpp"
 
-static const std::string etcd_url = etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
+static const std::string etcd_url =
+    etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
 
 class DistributedLock {
-public:
-    DistributedLock(const std::string &lock_name,
-                    uint timeout = 0);
-    ~DistributedLock() noexcept;
-    inline bool lock_acquired() {
-      return _acquired;
-    }
+ public:
+  DistributedLock(const std::string& lock_name, uint timeout = 0);
+  ~DistributedLock() noexcept;
+  inline bool lock_acquired() { return _acquired; }
 
-private:
-    bool _acquired = false;
-    std::string _lock_key;
-    std::unique_ptr<::etcd::Client> _etcd_client;
+ private:
+  bool _acquired = false;
+  std::string _lock_key;
+  std::unique_ptr<::etcd::Client> _etcd_client;
 };
 
-DistributedLock::DistributedLock(const std::string &lock_name,
-                                 uint timeout) {
+DistributedLock::DistributedLock(const std::string& lock_name, uint timeout) {
   _etcd_client = std::unique_ptr<etcd::Client>(new etcd::Client(etcd_url));
 
   try {
@@ -35,12 +32,14 @@ DistributedLock::DistributedLock(const std::string &lock_name,
         _acquired = true;
       }
     } else {
-      std::future<etcd::Response> future = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]() {
-          etcd::Response resp = _etcd_client->lock(lock_name).get();
-          return resp;
-      });
+      std::future<etcd::Response> future =
+          std::async(std::launch::async, [&]() {
+            etcd::Response resp = _etcd_client->lock(lock_name).get();
+            return resp;
+          });
 
-      std::future_status status = future.wait_for(std::chrono::seconds(timeout));
+      std::future_status status =
+          future.wait_for(std::chrono::seconds(timeout));
       if (status == std::future_status::ready) {
         auto resp = future.get();
         if (resp.is_ok()) {
@@ -48,12 +47,13 @@ DistributedLock::DistributedLock(const std::string &lock_name,
           _acquired = true;
         }
       } else if (status == std::future_status::timeout) {
-        std::cerr << "failed to acquire distributed because of lock timeout" << std::endl;
+        std::cerr << "failed to acquire distributed because of lock timeout"
+                  << std::endl;
       } else {
         std::cerr << "failed to acquire distributed lock" << std::endl;
       }
     }
-  } catch (std::exception &e) {
+  } catch (std::exception& e) {
     std::cerr << "failed to construct: " << e.what() << std::endl;
   }
 }
@@ -68,17 +68,17 @@ DistributedLock::~DistributedLock() noexcept {
     if (!resp.is_ok()) {
       std::cout << resp.error_code() << std::endl;
     }
-  } catch (std::exception &e) {
+  } catch (std::exception& e) {
     std::cerr << "failed to destruct: " << e.what() << std::endl;
   }
 }
 
 int main() {
   int i = 0, t = 0;
-  while(t < 100 /* update this value to make it run for longer */) {
+  while (t < 100 /* update this value to make it run for longer */) {
     {
       DistributedLock lock(std::to_string(i), 0);
-      if(!lock.lock_acquired()) {
+      if (!lock.lock_acquired()) {
         std::cerr << "failed to acquire lock" << std::endl;
       }
       std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));

tst/MemLeakWatcherTest.cpp

@@ -8,14 +8,12 @@
 #include "etcd/KeepAlive.hpp"
 #include "etcd/Watcher.hpp"
 
-static const std::string etcd_url = etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
+static const std::string etcd_url =
+    etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
 
 static std::atomic_int watcher_called;
 
-void print_response(etcd::Response const & resp)
-{
-  watcher_called.fetch_add(1);
-}
+void print_response(etcd::Response const& resp) { watcher_called.fetch_add(1); }
 
 /**
  * @brief emulate the behavior of creating watcher many times:
@@ -24,7 +22,8 @@ void print_response(etcd::Response const & resp)
  * 2. change a value
  * 3. cancel the watcher
  */
-void watch_once(etcd::Client & client, std::unique_ptr<etcd::Watcher> &watcher, const size_t round) {
+void watch_once(etcd::Client& client, std::unique_ptr<etcd::Watcher>& watcher,
+                const size_t round) {
   const std::string my_prefix = "/test";
   const std::string my_key = my_prefix + "/foo";
   watcher.reset(new etcd::Watcher(client, my_prefix, print_response, true));
@@ -42,19 +41,20 @@ void watch_once(etcd::Client & client, std::unique_ptr<etcd::Watcher> &watcher,
   watcher->Cancel();
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("watch shouldn't leak memory")
-{
+TEST_CASE("watch shouldn't leak memory") {
   watcher_called.store(0);
 
   // issue some changes to see if the watcher works
   etcd::Client client(etcd_url);
   std::unique_ptr<etcd::Watcher> watcher;
-  for (int round = 0; round < 10 /* update this value to make it run for longer */; ++round) {
+  for (int round = 0;
+       round < 10 /* update this value to make it run for longer */; ++round) {
     if (round % 50 == 0) {
       std::cout << "starting round " << round << std::endl;
     }
     watch_once(client, watcher, round);
   }
 
-  std::cout << "watcher been called for " << watcher_called.load() << " times" << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "watcher been called for " << watcher_called.load() << " times"
+            << std::endl;
 }

tst/RewatchTest.cpp

@@ -8,27 +8,28 @@
 #include "etcd/SyncClient.hpp"
 #include "etcd/Watcher.hpp"
 
-static const std::string etcd_url = etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
+static const std::string etcd_url =
+    etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
 
 static int watcher_called = 0;
 
-void print_response(etcd::Response const & resp)
-{
+void print_response(etcd::Response const& resp) {
   ++watcher_called;
   std::cout << "print response called" << std::endl;
   if (resp.error_code()) {
     std::cout << resp.error_code() << ": " << resp.error_message() << std::endl;
-  }
-  else {
+  } else {
     std::cout << resp.action() << " " << resp.value().as_string() << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "Previous value: " << resp.prev_value().as_string() << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Previous value: " << resp.prev_value().as_string()
+              << std::endl;
 
     std::cout << "Events size: " << resp.events().size() << std::endl;
-    for (auto const &ev: resp.events()) {
-      std::cout << "Value change in events: " << static_cast<int>(ev.event_type())
-                << ", prev kv = " << ev.prev_kv().key() << " -> " << ev.prev_kv().as_string()
-                << ", kv = " << ev.kv().key() << " -> " << ev.kv().as_string()
-                << std::endl;
+    for (auto const& ev : resp.events()) {
+      std::cout << "Value change in events: "
+                << static_cast<int>(ev.event_type())
+                << ", prev kv = " << ev.prev_kv().key() << " -> "
+                << ev.prev_kv().as_string() << ", kv = " << ev.kv().key()
+                << " -> " << ev.kv().as_string() << std::endl;
     }
   }
 }
@@ -48,8 +49,7 @@ void wait_for_connection(std::string endpoints) {
   }
 }
 
-void initialize_watcher(const std::string& endpoints,
-                        const std::string& prefix,
+void initialize_watcher(const std::string& endpoints, const std::string& prefix,
                         std::function<void(etcd::Response)> callback,
                         std::shared_ptr<etcd::Watcher>& watcher) {
   // wait until the endpoints turn to be available
@@ -64,18 +64,19 @@ void initialize_watcher(const std::string& endpoints,
   watcher.reset(new etcd::Watcher(client, prefix, callback, true));
 
   // Note that lambda requires `mutable`qualifier.
-  watcher->Wait([endpoints, prefix, callback,
-    /* By reference for renewing */ &watcher](bool cancelled) mutable {
-    if (cancelled) {
-      std::cout << "watcher's reconnect loop stopped as been cancelled" << std::endl;
-      return;
-    }
-    initialize_watcher(endpoints, prefix, callback, watcher);
-  });
+  watcher->Wait(
+      [endpoints, prefix, callback,
+       /* By reference for renewing */ &watcher](bool cancelled) mutable {
+        if (cancelled) {
+          std::cout << "watcher's reconnect loop stopped as been cancelled"
+                    << std::endl;
+          return;
+        }
+        initialize_watcher(endpoints, prefix, callback, watcher);
+      });
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("watch should can be re-established")
-{
+TEST_CASE("watch should can be re-established") {
   const std::string my_prefix = "/test";
 
   // the watcher initialized in this way will auto re-connect to etcd
@@ -86,8 +87,8 @@ TEST_CASE("watch should can be re-established")
   for (int round = 0; round < 100000; ++round) {
     try {
       etcd::Client client(etcd_url);
-      auto response = client.set(
-        my_prefix + "/foo", "bar-" + std::to_string(round)).get();
+      auto response =
+          client.set(my_prefix + "/foo", "bar-" + std::to_string(round)).get();
     } catch (...) {
       // pass
     }
@@ -102,8 +103,8 @@ TEST_CASE("watch should can be re-established")
   for (int round = 10; round < 20; ++round) {
     try {
       etcd::Client client(etcd_url);
-      auto response = client.set(
-        my_prefix + "/foo", "bar-" + std::to_string(round)).get();
+      auto response =
+          client.set(my_prefix + "/foo", "bar-" + std::to_string(round)).get();
     } catch (...) {
       // pass
     }

tst/SecurityChannelTest.cpp

@@ -9,22 +9,21 @@ static std::string ca = "security-config/certs/ca.crt";
 static std::string cert = "security-config/certs/etcd0.example.com.crt";
 static std::string key = "security-config/private/etcd0.example.com.key";
 
-static const std::string etcd_url = etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("https://127.0.0.1:2379");
+static const std::string etcd_url =
+    etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("https://127.0.0.1:2379");
 
-TEST_CASE("setup with auth")
-{
-  etcd::Client *etcd = etcd::Client::WithSSL(etcd_url, ca, cert, key);
+TEST_CASE("setup with auth") {
+  etcd::Client* etcd = etcd::Client::WithSSL(etcd_url, ca, cert, key);
   etcd->rmdir("/test", true).wait();
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("add a new key after authenticate")
-{
-  etcd::Client *etcd = etcd::Client::WithSSL(etcd_url, ca, cert, key);
+TEST_CASE("add a new key after authenticate") {
+  etcd::Client* etcd = etcd::Client::WithSSL(etcd_url, ca, cert, key);
   etcd->rmdir("/test", true).wait();
   etcd::Response resp = etcd->add("/test/key1", "42").get();
   REQUIRE(0 == resp.error_code());
   CHECK("create" == resp.action());
-  etcd::Value const & val = resp.value();
+  etcd::Value const& val = resp.value();
   CHECK("42" == val.as_string());
   CHECK("/test/key1" == val.key());
   CHECK(!val.is_dir());
@@ -32,24 +31,28 @@ TEST_CASE("add a new key after authenticate")
   CHECK(0 < val.modified_index());
   CHECK(1 == val.version());
   CHECK(0 < resp.index());
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS == etcd->add("/test/key1", "43").get().error_code()); // Key already exists
-  CHECK(etcd::ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS == etcd->add("/test/key1", "42").get().error_code()); // Key already exists
-  CHECK("etcd-cpp-apiv3: key already exists" == etcd->add("/test/key1", "42").get().error_message());
+  CHECK(
+      etcd::ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS ==
+      etcd->add("/test/key1", "43").get().error_code());  // Key already exists
+  CHECK(
+      etcd::ERROR_KEY_ALREADY_EXISTS ==
+      etcd->add("/test/key1", "42").get().error_code());  // Key already exists
+  CHECK("etcd-cpp-apiv3: key already exists" ==
+        etcd->add("/test/key1", "42").get().error_message());
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("read a value from etcd")
-{
-  etcd::Client *etcd = etcd::Client::WithSSL(etcd_url, ca, cert, key);
+TEST_CASE("read a value from etcd") {
+  etcd::Client* etcd = etcd::Client::WithSSL(etcd_url, ca, cert, key);
   etcd::Response resp = etcd->get("/test/key1").get();
   CHECK("get" == resp.action());
   REQUIRE(resp.is_ok());
   REQUIRE(0 == resp.error_code());
   CHECK("42" == resp.value().as_string());
-  CHECK("" == etcd->get("/test").get().value().as_string()); // key points to a directory
+  CHECK("" == etcd->get("/test").get().value().as_string());  // key points to a
+                                                              // directory
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("cleanup")
-{
-  etcd::Client *etcd = etcd::Client::WithSSL(etcd_url, ca, cert, key);
+TEST_CASE("cleanup") {
+  etcd::Client* etcd = etcd::Client::WithSSL(etcd_url, ca, cert, key);
   REQUIRE(0 == etcd->rmdir("/test", true).get().error_code());
 }

tst/TransactionTest.cpp

@@ -8,16 +8,15 @@
 #include "etcd/Client.hpp"
 #include "etcd/v3/Transaction.hpp"
 
-static const std::string etcd_url = etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
+static const std::string etcd_url =
+    etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
 
-TEST_CASE("setup")
-{
+TEST_CASE("setup") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true).wait();
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("add a new key")
-{
+TEST_CASE("add a new key") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true).wait();
 
@@ -49,13 +48,15 @@ TEST_CASE("add a new key")
   // do some put and delete using txn
   {
     etcdv3::Transaction txn;
-    
+
     // setup the conditions
     txn.reset_key("/test/x1");
-    txn.init_compare("1", etcdv3::CompareResult::EQUAL, etcdv3::CompareTarget::VALUE);
+    txn.init_compare("1", etcdv3::CompareResult::EQUAL,
+                     etcdv3::CompareTarget::VALUE);
 
     txn.reset_key("/test/x2");
-    txn.init_compare("2", etcdv3::CompareResult::EQUAL, etcdv3::CompareTarget::VALUE);
+    txn.init_compare("2", etcdv3::CompareResult::EQUAL,
+                     etcdv3::CompareTarget::VALUE);
 
     txn.setup_put("/test/x1", "111");
     txn.setup_delete("/test/x2");
@@ -83,8 +84,7 @@ TEST_CASE("add a new key")
   }
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("cleanup")
-{
+TEST_CASE("cleanup") {
   etcd::Client etcd(etcd_url);
   REQUIRE(0 == etcd.rmdir("/test", true).get().error_code());
 }

tst/WatcherTest.cpp

@@ -4,41 +4,42 @@
 #include <chrono>
 #include <thread>
 
-#include "etcd/Watcher.hpp"
 #include "etcd/SyncClient.hpp"
+#include "etcd/Watcher.hpp"
 
-static const std::string etcd_url = etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
+static const std::string etcd_url =
+    etcdv3::detail::resolve_etcd_endpoints("http://127.0.0.1:2379");
 
 static int watcher_called = 0;
 
-void printResponse(etcd::Response const & resp)
-{
+void printResponse(etcd::Response const& resp) {
   if (resp.error_code()) {
-    std::cout << "Watcher "<< resp.watch_id()
-              << " fails with " << resp.error_code() << ": " << resp.error_message() << std::endl;
-  }
-  else {
-    std::cout << "Watcher " << resp.watch_id()
-              << " responses with " << resp.action() << " " << resp.value().as_string() << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "Previous value: " << resp.prev_value().as_string() << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Watcher " << resp.watch_id() << " fails with "
+              << resp.error_code() << ": " << resp.error_message() << std::endl;
+  } else {
+    std::cout << "Watcher " << resp.watch_id() << " responses with "
+              << resp.action() << " " << resp.value().as_string() << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Previous value: " << resp.prev_value().as_string()
+              << std::endl;
 
     std::cout << "Events size: " << resp.events().size() << std::endl;
-    for (auto const &ev: resp.events()) {
-      if (ev.prev_kv().key().find("/leader") == 0 || ev.kv().key().find("/leader") == 0) {
+    for (auto const& ev : resp.events()) {
+      if (ev.prev_kv().key().find("/leader") == 0 ||
+          ev.kv().key().find("/leader") == 0) {
         return;
       }
-      std::cout << "Value change in events: " << static_cast<int>(ev.event_type())
-                << ", prev kv = " << ev.prev_kv().key() << " -> " << ev.prev_kv().as_string()
-                << ", kv = " << ev.kv().key() << " -> " << ev.kv().as_string()
-                << std::endl;
+      std::cout << "Value change in events: "
+                << static_cast<int>(ev.event_type())
+                << ", prev kv = " << ev.prev_kv().key() << " -> "
+                << ev.prev_kv().as_string() << ", kv = " << ev.kv().key()
+                << " -> " << ev.kv().as_string() << std::endl;
     }
   }
   std::cout << "print response called" << std::endl;
   ++watcher_called;
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("create watcher")
-{
+TEST_CASE("create watcher") {
   etcd::SyncClient etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true);
 
@@ -55,8 +56,7 @@ TEST_CASE("create watcher")
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true);
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("watch with correct prefix")
-{
+TEST_CASE("watch with correct prefix") {
   etcd::SyncClient etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true);
 
@@ -92,8 +92,7 @@ TEST_CASE("watch with correct prefix")
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true);
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("create watcher with cancel")
-{
+TEST_CASE("create watcher with cancel") {
   etcd::SyncClient etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true);
 
@@ -115,8 +114,7 @@ TEST_CASE("create watcher with cancel")
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true);
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("create watcher on ranges with cancel")
-{
+TEST_CASE("create watcher on ranges with cancel") {
   etcd::SyncClient etcd(etcd_url);
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true);
 
@@ -138,29 +136,24 @@ TEST_CASE("create watcher on ranges with cancel")
   etcd.rmdir("/test", true);
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("watch should exit normally")
-{
+TEST_CASE("watch should exit normally") {
   // cancel immediately after start watch.
   etcd::Watcher watcher(etcd_url, "/test", printResponse, true);
   watcher.Cancel();
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("watch should can be cancelled repeatedly")
-{
+TEST_CASE("watch should can be cancelled repeatedly") {
   etcd::Watcher watcher(etcd_url, "/test", printResponse, true);
   std::vector<std::thread> threads(10);
   for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
-    threads[i] = std::thread([&]() {
-      watcher.Cancel();
-    });
+    threads[i] = std::thread([&]() { watcher.Cancel(); });
   }
   for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
     threads[i].join();
   }
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("watch changes on the same key (#212)")
-{
+TEST_CASE("watch changes on the same key (#212)") {
   std::string key_watch = "key watch";
   etcd::SyncClient client(etcd_url);
   client.put(key_watch, "inittt");
@@ -168,33 +161,30 @@ TEST_CASE("watch changes on the same key (#212)")
   auto current_index = client.head().index();
   std::cout << "Current index " << current_index << std::endl;
   auto internal_cb = [&](etcd::Response resp) -> void {
-      if (!resp.is_ok()) {
-        std::cout << "Error: " << resp.error_message() << std::endl;
-        return;
-      }
-      for (auto const &event: resp.events()) {
-        std::cout << "Watch '" << event.kv().key()
-                  << "'. ModifedRevision : " <<  event.kv().modified_index()
-                  << "', Vision : " <<  event.kv().version()
-                  << ", value = " << event.kv().as_string() << std::endl;
-      }
+    if (!resp.is_ok()) {
+      std::cout << "Error: " << resp.error_message() << std::endl;
+      return;
+    }
+    for (auto const& event : resp.events()) {
+      std::cout << "Watch '" << event.kv().key()
+                << "'. ModifedRevision : " << event.kv().modified_index()
+                << "', Vision : " << event.kv().version()
+                << ", value = " << event.kv().as_string() << std::endl;
+    }
   };
-  auto wait_cb =  [&](bool) {};
-  etcd::Watcher w(client, key_watch, current_index,
-                                        std::move(internal_cb),
-                                        std::move(wait_cb),
-                                        false);
+  auto wait_cb = [&](bool) {};
+  etcd::Watcher w(client, key_watch, current_index, std::move(internal_cb),
+                  std::move(wait_cb), false);
 
   std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
-  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ) {
-    std::string value = "watch_" + std::to_string(i++);
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+    std::string value = "watch_" + std::to_string(i);
     client.put(key_watch, value);
     std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
   }
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("create two watcher")
-{
+TEST_CASE("create two watcher") {
   etcd::Watcher w1(etcd_url, "/test", printResponse, true);
   etcd::Watcher w2(etcd_url, "/test", printResponse, true);